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PBR FlashCards > Neonatology > Flashcards

Neonatology Flashcards

1
Q

when do babies double weight

A

4 months

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2
Q

when does weight triple

A

by 1 year

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3
Q

LGA is what number

A

> 3900gW

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4
Q

what is SGA

A

<2500g

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5
Q

LBW?

A

<2500

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6
Q

VLBW?

A

<1500

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7
Q

ELBW

A

<1000g

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8
Q

avg length and HC for baby

A

50cm and 35cm

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9
Q

avg weight for baby

A

3.25kg

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10
Q

how to determine avg length at 1,4 and 13

A

1.5x
2x
3x

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11
Q

how to calculate mid parental ht for a boy vs girl

A

mh+dh+5”’ or13cm/2 –> boy
mh+dh - 5or 13cm/2 –> girl

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12
Q

what is approx length for boys and girls

A

2-3.3 inches a year or 5-8.3cm

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13
Q

what is the leading cause of infant death

A

chromosome abnormality

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14
Q

how much does head circle increase by in 1st 6 months and then until 1 year

A

1cm/month and then 0.5cm/month

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15
Q

what percentile categorizes macrocephaly

A

> 97th percentile

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16
Q

large head and bulging fontanelle should make you think

A

hydrocephalus

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17
Q

what is baby daily requirement of
- protein
- sodium
-potassium
- premie protein

A
  • 2-2.5g/d
  • 3/d
    -2/d
    -3.5/d
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18
Q

what is the outer part of the trophoblast that is closest to mom

A

syncytuym

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19
Q

what is caloric need for term infants

A

100-120

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20
Q

what is calorie need for premature infants

A

more than 120

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21
Q

exclusively breastfed babies are at risk for what vitamin deficiencies

A

Vitamin E and K

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22
Q

What two products does breast milk have that helps with neurodevelopment

A

arachadnoic acid and DHA

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23
Q

what Ig is high in colostrum

A

IgA

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24
Q

name some contraindications to BF

A
  • active HIV
  • Active HSV lesions
  • active TB
    -galactose deficiency
    -sulfa drugs in 1st month of life
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25
Q

standard formula is what calorie

A

20kcal/oz

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26
Q

what age doe premature infants need iron at

A

2 months

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27
Q

what age doe term babies require iron

A

4-6 months

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28
Q

how much iron should formula have in it

A

12mg/L per day

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29
Q

when is surfactant made

A

around 35 weeks and by type II pneumocystis

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30
Q

what electolye abnormality is seen in IDM babies

A

hypocalcemia

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31
Q

late preterm is what GA

A

34-36+6

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32
Q

babies who drink formula require Vitamin D supplementation If they are having less than how many ounces

A

32 a day

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33
Q

when do you give rhogam

A

28 weeks and again 72 hr post delivery

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34
Q

children with CF or rickets need how much vitamin D a day

A

1600IU

35
Q

what age and weight is ROP a rsik at

A

<29 weeks or <1500g

36
Q

this kind of jaundice occurs in the first few days of life due to insufficenct ,milk intake from BF

A

breast FEEDING jaundice

37
Q

this kind of jaundice happens in the first week of BF and is due to maternal steroids decreaseing conjugation enzye in baby leading to hyperbili ( indirect)

A

breast MILK jaundice

38
Q

jaundice on day one of life should make you cinsider

A

TORCH
G6PD deficiency

39
Q

should phototherapy be used direct hyperbili

A

no because it can cause bronze baby syndrome.

40
Q

name the values when to start phototherapy at the following hours.
- 24 hours
- 48 hours
-72 hours

A
  • 8
    -11
    -13
41
Q

when to give Rhogam

A

28 weeks and 72 hours after birth

42
Q

why doesn’t rhesus affect the first pregnancy?

A

because IgM is creasted which cannot cross the palcenta, second time around IgG is created which is small enough to cross and affect the baby

43
Q

who doea ABO incompatibility occur in

A

mother O group because she has anti a and b affecting AB baby

44
Q

who does G6pd affect

A

boys ( xlinked) and AAs and mediterranian

45
Q

what is a finding on smear with kids with G6PD

A

Heinz bodies

46
Q

a baby who is less than 1 month is classified as a

A

neonate

47
Q

a baby who is 1 month to 12 months is classified as a

A

infant

48
Q

apnea is defined as how many seconds between breaths

A

20 seconds or more, less is periodic breathing of newborn

49
Q

how to treat apnea in neonate

A

caffeine or theophylline

50
Q

which kind of apena is not reversible with stimulation

A

secondary

51
Q

whne to screen for gbs in mom

A

35-37 weeks

52
Q

what meds should be given IAP for gbs mom

A

ampcillin, PNC or cefazolin 4+ hrs before birth

53
Q

what are the two drugs to treat GBS in NB

A

amp + gent ( add cefotaxime/cefepime/ceftazidime if worried for meningitis)

54
Q

anemia is considered when in newborn

A

value under 13

55
Q

what is apt test used for

A

when NG aspirate in NB is blood, allows to differentiate between mother and babies blood

56
Q

hypoglycemia is classifed at what value in neonate

A

<40

57
Q

what do you treat hypoglycemia in a neonate with

A

2ml/kg of D10

58
Q

if you need to start glucose drip in baby what do you use

A

80ml/kg/day d10

59
Q

how doyou trreat meconium plug

A

gastrograffin enema

60
Q

NEC in an older child should make you think of what diagnosis

A

typhllitis

61
Q

when to get inflammatory markers in ROS

A

infants 22-28 days

62
Q

when to get urine in ROS

A

infants 8-21 days

63
Q

how many hours do the following infants cry
1 month
2 month
3 month

A
  • 3hr
    -2hr
    -1hr
64
Q

a baby who cries for > 3 hours for at least 3 times a day for at least 3 weeks in a patient 3 week - 3 month old, what is this

A

colic

65
Q

how many hours a day does a NB sleep

A

18

66
Q

from approximately 5 months to 3 years how much sleep does baby need

A

12-14

67
Q

should VLBW babies get D5

A

no they should get D10, otherwise they will have insufficient calories

68
Q

when do you need to add electrolytes to to IVF for newborns

A

72 hours

69
Q

what is arthrogryposis multiplex

A

contractures due to idiopathic decreased fetal movement

70
Q

hematoma that is subperiosteal

A

cephalohematoma

71
Q

hematoma that can cross suture lines

A

caput succedaneum

72
Q

which kind of hemorrhage displaces a babies ears

A

subgaleal hemorrhage

73
Q

when should you worry if cord hasnt fallen off

A

more than 4 weeks

74
Q

single umbilical artery should make you consider what.

A

renal issues ad VACTERL

75
Q

what does VACTERL

A

V - vertebral anomalies
A- anal atresia
C- cardiac defects
T- TEF
R - radial/renal anomalies
L - limb issues

76
Q

this condition is characterized by midline birth defects like agenesis of corpus callosum, hypertelorism, cleft lip, heart defects and hypospadias

A

Opitz syndrome

77
Q

a type of dwarfism that includes growth retardation, clinodactyly, small chin that’s triangular and hypospadias

A

Russell-silver syndrome

78
Q

what is a concerning NB penile length

A

<2.5cm

79
Q

what is a common benign placental tumor that can cause hydrops

A

choriangioma

80
Q

scalp pH<7.2 in a baby means

A

deliver immediately!

81
Q

early deceleration

A

head compression

82
Q

late decel

A

placental insufficiency

83
Q

varaible decel

A

cord compression.

84
Q
A

PBR FlashCards (13 decks)

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