Social facilitation Flashcards
Social facilitation definition:
The behavioural effects due to others present (BEDTOP)
Who proposed 4 types of people present during sport?
Zajonc
What are the 4 types of others present in sport:
Audience: just watches
Competitors: are in conflict with the performer
Social reinforcers: encourages/ criticises performance
Co-actors: are doing the same sport as the performer.
Who causes an increase in arousal?
Audience and co actors cause increase in arousal due to their presence but are not involved in the event.
Who has more a direct impact on performance?
Social reinforcers and competitors as they give direct encouragement or cause distractions.
What happens when performer is inhibited?
this is when performance is influenced negatively by the presence of others - usually in beginners/ novice performers.
What happens if a performer is facilitated?
This occurs in an expert performer and this is when the dominant response is well learned and there is a positive performance as facilitation occurs.
Explain Evaluation Apprehension?
This is the negative influence of performance when they are being watched and perceive that they are being judged by performance.
How can this become worse?
If;
-audience is known to us
-audience is critical
-audience contains scouts
-there’s a lack of confidence
5 techniques for preventing social inhibition:
+ Getting players familiar with playing in crowds (in training)
+Gradually introducing evaluation.
+Lower arousal levels (visualisation and stress management techniques)
+Decrease importance of event
+Improve concentration and focus (focus on key info)
