Red Winemaking General

Question 1

What are the grape components that red wine making focuses on extracting from the skins?

Answer 1

• anthocyanins
• tannins
• flavors

Question 2

What are the three main factors that affect extraction?

Answer 2

1. temperature
2. time on skins
3. the medium in which extraction takes place, alcoholic or aqueous solutions

Question 3

What do anthocyanins give to wine?

Answer 3

• a source of color

Question 4

Which winemaking steps can cause a loss of anthocyanins?

Answer 4

• lees aging
• SO2 additions

Question 5

What stabilizes anthocyanins, which helps to preserve color?

Answer 5

• combination with tannins helps to stabilize the color in the presence of oxygen

Question 6

What happens to anthocyanins as wines age?

Answer 6

• anthocyanins change in composition and color from ruby through to brown
• anthocyanin-tannin compounds are more stable than unbound anthocyanins