1.5 Wireless Networking Flashcards
N10-009 Obj. 1.5 Compare and contrast transmission media and transceivers (20 cards)
Who manages the standards for wireless local area networks like Wi-Fi?
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) manages wireless standards under the 802.11 series, which defines Wi-Fi protocols.
Transcript: “The IEEE standard for wireless networks is in their standards committee for the 802 series, specifically 802.11.” (0:26–0:33)
What role does the Wi-Fi Alliance play in wireless networking?
The Wi-Fi Alliance certifies devices for IEEE 802.11 interoperability, ensuring compatibility across vendors.
Transcript: “There is a Wi-Fi trademark logo on every device that the Wi-Fi alliance has tested. This ensures interoperability with the standards…” (0:56–1:08)
What is Wi-Fi 6 and what is its IEEE name?
Wi-Fi 6 corresponds to the IEEE standard 802.11ax and is the sixth generation of Wi-Fi.
Transcript: “You’re connecting to an 802.11ax network, but we also refer to this network as Wi-Fi 6.” (1:31–1:35)
What frequency bands are used in modern Wi-Fi standards?
Modern Wi-Fi standards use 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz frequency bands.
Transcript: “Most of these refer to the 2.4 GHz, the 5 gigahertz and the 6 gigahertz ranges.” (2:23–2:27)
How have newer Wi-Fi standards improved performance?
Newer Wi-Fi standards like Wi-Fi 6 and Wi-Fi 7 support higher theoretical link rates, allowing for faster wireless data transmission.
Transcript: “As we’ve introduced newer standards… we’ve also increased the overall link rate…” (2:44–2:49)
What does LTE stand for and what technology generation does it represent?
LTE stands for Long Term Evolution and it represents 4G mobile networking technology.
- Converged standard (GSM and CDMA providers)
- Based on GSM and EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution)
ranscript: “LTE stands for long term evolution. It is what we refer to as the 4G technology…” (3:07–3:13)
What is the typical download speed for LTE and LTE Advanced?
LTE supports around 150 Mbps, while LTE-A (Advanced) supports up to 300 Mbps.
Transcript: “These 4G networks supported download rates… 150 Mbps… LTE Advanced… 300 Mbps.” (3:22–3:33)
What are the expected speeds for 5G networks?
5G can provide speeds from 100 Mbps to 900 Mbps in typical use and up to 10 Gbps in ideal conditions.
Transcript: “The goal will be to have 10 gigabits per second… or… 100 to 900 Mbps.” (3:50–3:58)
How has 5G improved mobile network capabilities?
5G allows for faster data transfer, increased IoT capacity, and cloud-based data processing due to higher bandwidth.
Transcript: “We can transfer much more data… receive notifications… process more… in the cloud.” (4:24–4:37)
What is satellite networking used for?
Satellite networking provides internet connectivity in remote areas where terrestrial options are unavailable.
Transcript: “You can add a satellite dish to a location and begin sending and receiving data…” (4:52–4:58)
What are typical speeds and latencies of traditional satellite internet?
Traditional satellite offers about 100 Mbps down and 5 Mbps up, with 500 ms round-trip latency. (250 up/250 down)
Transcript: “100 megabits down and five megabits up… 250 milliseconds up and… down.” (5:12–5:36)
How does Starlink improve on traditional satellite latency?
Starlink offers ~40 ms latency with a goal of reaching 20 ms, reducing delay compared to older satellite systems.
Transcript: “Starlink advertises a 40 millisecond latency… decrease that down to 20 milliseconds.” (5:45–5:48)
What is rain fade and how does it affect satellite internet?
Rain fade is the loss of signal caused by weather blocking the satellite line of sight, leading to reduced performance.
- High frequencies - 2 GHz
Transcript: “We would suffer through what we call rain fade… lose connectivity while that storm is going over.” (6:10–6:13)
Descripe the frequency and max link rate
802.11a
Frequency: 5 GHz
Max theoretical link rate: 6-54 Mbit/s
Descripe the frequency and max link rate
802.11b
Frequency: 2.4 GHz
Max theoretical link rate: 1-11 Mbit/s
Descripe the frequency and max link rate
802.11g
Frequency: 2.4 GHz
Max theoretical link rate: 6-54 Mbit/s
Descripe the frequency and max link rate
802.11n
Wi-Fi 4
Frequency: 2.4 GHz / 5GHz
Max theoretical link rate: 72-600 Mbit/s
Descripe the frequency and max link rate
802.11ac
Wi-Fi 5
Frequency: 5GHz
Max theoretical link rate: 433-6,933 Mbit/s
Descripe the frequency and max link rate
802.11ax
Wi-Fi 6 and 6E
Frequency: 2.4 GHz / 5 GHz / 6 GHz
Max theoretical link rate: 574-6,908 Mbit/s
Descripe the frequency and max link rate
802.11be
Wi-Fi 7
Frequency: 2.4 GHz / 5 GHz / 6 GHz
Max theoretical link rate: 1,376-46,120 Mbit/s
