chapter 6 muscular system

Question 1

What is the name of the proximal attachment? Distal attachment?

Answer 1

the proximal is the origin and the distal is the insertion

Question 2

Typically which attachment is more movable?

Answer 2

the insertion

Question 3

What is it called when the origin moves toward the insertion?

Answer 3

reverse muscles action such as pulls ups

Question 4

usually longer and can move the joint and distal segment further

Answer 4

parallel fibers

Question 5

usually shorter, but more of then in an area which increases strength

Answer 5

oblique fibers

Question 6

long thin > Range
which fibers is this

Answer 6

strap

Question 7

shaped like a spindle; wider in the middle
which fiber is this

Answer 7

shaped like a spindle; wider in the middle

Question 8

4 sided, flat broad attachments
which fiber is this

Answer 8

rhomboid

Question 9

flat, fan shaped, broad attachment at one end, narrow attachment at the other end

which fiber is this

Answer 9

triangular

Question 10

Anterior tibialis
Sartorius
what king of fibers are they

Answer 10

strap

Question 11

Biceps what kind of fibers are they

Answer 11

fusiform

Question 12

closed kinetic chain

Answer 12

Distal segment fixed & proximal segment moves
.Standing to sitting, push ups, squats

Question 13

open kinetic chain

Answer 13

Distal segment free to move and proximal segment remains stationary
Sitting –
.move knee from flexion to extension, free weights

Question 14

When a muscle cannot be elongated any farther without damage to the fibers
such as stretching

Answer 14

passive insufficieny

Question 15

The diminished ability of a muscle to produce or maintain active tension
Active tension is tension / force that is generated by a muscle contraction

Answer 15

active insufficieny

Question 16

what are the parallel fibers and advantage

Answer 16

the advantage is movement. the fibers are strap, fusiform, triangular, and rhomboid

Question 17

Pectoralis Major
Rhomboid Major ( on posterior trunk)
which parallel fibers is this?

Answer 17

rhomboid

Question 18

what does unipennate mean and example?

Answer 18

one sided a muscle is unipennate is semimembranosus

Question 19

what is bipennate and example

Answer 19

both sided and example is rectus fermoris

Question 20

what does multipennate mean and name a muscle

Answer 20

multi sides such as the deltoid

Question 21

resting length meaning muscles

Answer 21

when a muscles is not shorted or lengthen

Question 22

define irritability in muscles

Answer 22

Ability to respond to stimuli
Response is to contract

Question 22

excursion how long can the muscles be shorted

Answer 22

Shortened to ~ ½ normal resting length

Question 23

excursion how long can the muscles be lengthen

Answer 23

Stretched to ~ twice as far as it can be shortened

Question 24

Active tension: what are the elements

Answer 24

contractile elements

Question 25

passive tension what are the elements

Answer 25

non contractile elements

Question 26

in order to be total tension what does it need to have

Answer 26

active + passive tension

Question 27

isokinetic exercises are such

Answer 27

specialized equipment leg extension

Question 28

define synergist

Answer 28

to assist muscle to do a particular motion

Question 29

define neutralizer

Answer 29

prevents unwanted motion

Question 30

define co contraction

Answer 30

agonist & antagonist contract at the same time

Question 31

define assisting mover

Answer 31

assists the agonist but is not as effective