chapter 8 biomechanics

Question 1

what does biomechanics mean?

Answer 1

using principles and methods of mechanics and applying them to the human body

Question 2

what does mechanics mean?

Answer 2

study of forces and the motion produced as a result of those forces

Question 3

what does statics mean?

Answer 3

nonmoving

Question 4

what does dynamics mean ?

Answer 4

moving

Question 5

the meaning of scalar?

Answer 5

describes magnitude only i.e. volume, length, area, mass

Question 6

the meaning of vector

Answer 6

a quantity having both magnitude and direction

Question 7

the meaning of torque?

Answer 7

tendency of a force to cause rotation around an axis

Question 8

Object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion. which law is?

Answer 8

newtons first law

Question 9

The amount of acceleration depends on the strength of the force applied to an object
Can also mean a change in direction – need force to change direction
Acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of an object.

which law is this one?

Answer 9

newtons second law of acceleration

Question 10

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
The reaction is always = in strength to the action and the reaction occurs in the opposite direction.

Answer 10

newton third law action - reaction

Question 11

what is linear force?

Answer 11

2 or more forces acting along same line

Question 12

what is parallel force ?

Answer 12

forces occur in the same plane in the same or opposite direction

Question 13

what are concurrent forces?

Answer 13

2 or more forces act from a common point but pull in different (divergent) directions which results in a “resultant force

Question 14

resultant force meaning?

Answer 14

net effect of two divergent forces
Lies somewhere in between

Question 15

define force couple?

Answer 15

Occurs when two forces act in an equal but opposite direction

Results in a turning effect

Question 16

Amount of torque a lever has depends on:

Answer 16

Amount of force exerted
Perpendicular distance from the axis – moment arm

Question 17

what is the formula of torque?

Answer 17

Torque (Nmeters) = force (N) x moment arm (meters)

Question 18

the torque what angle is the greatest potential?

Answer 18

90° torque potential is greatest

Question 19

the bos meaning?
base of support

Answer 19

That part of a body that is in contact with the supporting surface

Question 20

what is the 1 principal relationship?

Answer 20

balance, stability, and motion. the lower cog the more stable

Question 21

the meaning of the principle 2 ?

Answer 21

The center of gravity and line of gravity must remain within the base of support for an object to remain stable

Question 22

principle 3 meaning ?

Answer 22

Stability increases as the base of support is widened in the direction of the force

Question 24

the meaning of principle 4

Answer 24

The greater the mass of an object, the greater the stability

Question 25

the meaning of principle 5

Answer 25

The greater the friction between the supporting surface and the base of support, the more stable the body will be

Question 26

what is the 3 lever about

Answer 26

designed for motion

Question 27

which lever is meant for power

Answer 27

the second Axis opposite force, resistance in the middle

like wheel barrow

Question 28

which lever is made for balance

Answer 28

the first one, Axis between the force and the resistance

like a seesaw

Question 29

what does the movement arm mean?

Answer 29

perpendicular distance from line of action of the force to the axis of rotation

Question 30

define stabilizer force?

Answer 30

small perpendicular distance b/n joint axis and line of pull; so the force generated by the muscle pulls the 2 bones of the joint closer together

Question 31

what do you need to have a mechanical advantage?

Answer 31

the force arm and resistance arm