CH 4 Cellular Energy

Question 1

What is Biogenetics?

Answer 1

Concept that energy flows thru living systems
starts with the sun, to producers (plants), to animals (consumers) to fungi bacteria (decomposers)

Question 2

Metabolism

Answer 2

chemical reactions that happen in cells

Question 3

what are the metabolic pathways

Answer 3

anabolic and catabolic

Question 4

Anabolic Pathway

Answer 4

builds BIG things and requires energy

Question 5

Catabolic pathway

Answer 5

BREAKS DOWN and releases energy

Question 6

law of thermodynamics

Answer 6

the transfering of energy

Question 7

What are the TWO Laws of Energy?

Answer 7

First Law: energy cannot be created or destroyed, just moved around
second law: energy transfer requires energy loss

Question 8

Activation Energy

Answer 8

all reactions need an input of energy

Question 9

Enzymes and its two parts

Answer 9

speed up chemical reactions
has an active site and a substrate

Question 10

What is Glycolysis and its steps

Answer 10

BREAKS down GLUCOSE in the CYTOPLASM
Glucose spilts into a PYRUVATE
NADH and ATP are produced

Question 11

What happens in the CAC?

Answer 11

Citric Acid Cycle
Pyruvate (glucose?) move into mitochondria and is converted to ACETYL CoA and chemical reactions happen

Question 12

What is produced by the CAC?

Answer 12

1 ATP
3 NADH
1 FADH2 per glucose

Question 13

First step in the ETC

Answer 13

Electrons from NADH and FADH2 come thru and passed to protein complexes

Question 14

2nd Step in the ETC

Answer 14

NADH and FADH2 lose energy while moving through the chain
cuz some of the energy is used to pump out Hydrgen ions from mitochondria matrix and into the intermembrane space

Question 15

3 Step in the ETC

Answer 15

final electrons are accepted by Oxygen and make water

Question 16

Chemiosmosis

Answer 16

when H ions return to the mitochondria thru a protein called ATP SYNTHASE and it spins and adds P (phosphate) onto ADP to make ATP

Question 17

How many ATP is produced in Aerobic Respiration?

Answer 17

38

Question 18

Which processes use Aerobic Respiration and why?

Answer 18

Glycolysis, CAC, ETC, and Chemiosmosis
this is because oxygen is availble

Question 19

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 19

when oxygen is not available, bacteria and archaea use inorganic molecules
sulfate, iron, methane

Question 20

Which processes discussed use Aerobic Respiration?

Answer 20

Glycolysis
CAC
ETC
Chemiomosis

Question 21

Which processes discussed use Anaerobic REspiration?

Answer 21

Glycolysis
CAC
ETC
Chemiomosis

Question 22

Fermentation and how much ATP is prodcued

Answer 22

when oxygen is not available
organisms still need NAD+ to undergo Glycolysis
2 ATP per glucose