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trends in bio > ch 13 Bacteria, Protists, Fungi > Flashcards

ch 13 Bacteria, Protists, Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

what were Microbial Mats

A
  • earliest forms of life
  • layered sheets of prokaryotes
  • got energy from oceanic hydrothermal vents
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2
Q

Name the Extremophiles

A
  • Halophiles = loved salty areas
  • Thermophiles = loved hot areas
  • Methanogens = lived without oxygen and released methane
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3
Q

what do all Prokayotes have in common

A
  • cell membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • ribosomes
  • genetic mat
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4
Q

name the shapes of prokayotes

A

Cocci = circular
Bacilli = cylinderish
Spirilia = spirals

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5
Q

what are the unique features prokaryotic cells hav

A
  • lack membrane bound organelles
  • cell wall
  • capsule
    -chromosomes in NUCLEOID
  • flagella
  • pili
  • plasmids
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6
Q

what is a bacteria’s cell wall made of

A

peptidoglycan (polsacc)

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7
Q

Gram-Postive Cell Wall

A

thicker, has more layers of peptidoglycan

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8
Q

Gram-Negative Cell Wall

A

thinner, fewer layers of peptidoglycan and surrounded by outer membrane

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9
Q

Name Bacterial Diseases

A
  • Plague in Athens
  • Plague in Justinian
  • Black Death
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10
Q

what was the Antibiotic Crisis

A

overuse and incorrect use of antibiotics result in bacteria becoming resistant to em

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11
Q

who did MRSA affect

A

people in more dense areas
- military, prisons

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12
Q

name Bacterial Foodborne Diseases and where it comes from

A
  • ecoli, samanella
  • comes from animal waste
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13
Q

name Benefical Bacteria ; Food

A
  • yogurt
  • cheese
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14
Q

Bioremediation

A

using prokaryotes to remove pollutants
- remove chemicals
- remove toxic metals from water
- ex oil spills

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15
Q

Name Beneficial Bacteria for Humans

A
  • hav mutual relationships where bacteria and I both benefit and it does not harm me
  • can absorb ions
  • Synthesize Vit K
  • trains immune system
  • maintain large intestine cells
  • form protective barrier against pathogens
  • on my skin, Antimicrobial compounds prevents infections
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16
Q

are Protists in the same Kingdom as either Animals, Plants or Fungi

A

None
- in its own Protista

17
Q

Are Protists unicelluar or multicellular?

A

both

18
Q

are Protists Eukaryotes or Prokayotes

A

Eukaryotes
- hav nucles and organelles

19
Q

which environments are Protists mostly found

A

aquatic

20
Q

Coenocytic

A

hav more than one nucleus
- single cells

21
Q

Protist Cell Features

A
  • surrounded by plasma on its outside
  • uncellular ones hav flagella and can move
22
Q

Protists on Humans - Bad

A
  • can cause Malaria; in blood cells
  • Trypanosomes; sleeping sickness
23
Q

Protists on Plants - Bad

A

-Plasmopara Viticola; causes mildew on leaves
-Phytophthora infestans; black slimes on potatoe

24
Q

Name Beneficial Protists

A
  • eaten a lot; Seaweed
  • Symbiotic Relationships; can provide nutrients thru PHOTOSYNTHESIS
  • Decomposers; Saprobes feed off of dead organisms, OoOMycetes GROW on dead organisms
25
Q

Can Fungi Photosynthesize?

A

no, they are Hetero trophs

26
Q

how do Fungi reproduce

A

sexually (spores) and asexually

27
Q

what is Fungi essential roles

A

Decomposers

28
Q

Fungi Struture

A
  • has nucleus n has organelles
  • cell wall made of chitin
29
Q

what are the stages of a Fungi

A

Hyphae = vegatative
Mushrooms = reproductive stage

30
Q

what is the Fungi Septum

A

hyphae are divided into separate cells by these end walls

31
Q

how do Fungi typically obtain nutrition

A

Digests nutrients, and Absorbs em
- releases Exoenymes

32
Q

which Fungi are the ones we eat

A

Basidiomycota

33
Q

Name Fungi Pathogens - Plants

A
  • mold in food
  • decays in plant tissue
34
Q

Fungi Pathogens - Food

A
  • mold in food
35
Q

Example of Fungi Pathogens on Humans

A
  • ringworm on skin
  • Systemic mycoses in lungs
36
Q

how do Fungi decompose?

A

has enzymes to break down cellulose and ligin which other organisms find hard to digest in PLANTS

37
Q

what do Mycoorhizal Fungi do

A
  • a symbiotic relationship
    go to plant roots and uses increased surface area to channel water
38
Q

Fungi Benefits for Humans

A
  • food
  • YEAST in food, beer n wine

trends in bio (16 decks)

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