Ethics Flashcards
confidentiality
based on the broader right to privacy and refers to a psychologist’s obligation to protect clients, research participants, students, and others from unauthorized disclosure of information that they reveal in the context of a professional relationship with the psychologist.
Tarasoff decisions
duty to protect; not legal
protected health information (PHI)
individually identifiable health information that is maintained or transmitted in any medium and provides information about (1) a person’s past, present, or future physical and mental health condition; (2) the provision of health care to the person; or (3) past, present, or future payments for health care provided to the person
covered entities
health plans, health care clearinghouses, and health care providers who transmit health information electronically
health care provider
any person or entity that provides, bills for, and/or is paid for health care as a normal part of business
privilege
a person’s legal right to not have confidential information (e.g., communications to the therapist) revealed in court or a legal proceeding
capitated
providers receive a fixed dollar amount over a specific period of time to cover the service needs of a fixed number of clients; a fixed amount of money paid per person, not by the visit or procedure
privileged communication
legal term which refers to a patient’s right to refuse to have information, disclosed in psychotherapy, released in a legal proceeding
utilization review
assess the use of benefits and reduce or eliminate inappropriate or unnecessary use of health care resources
the primary purpose of licensure is…
to “protect the public by limiting licensure to persons who are qualified to practice psychology as defined by state or provincial law”
The Ethics Code intention
provide guidance for psychologists and standards of professional conduct that can be applied by the APA and by other bodies that choose to adopt them
competence
one’s education, training, supervised experience, consultation, study, or professional experience.
how to choose referral vs. consultation
The client’s welfare is always of paramount concern when making this determination: Referral would be the best choice when there is substantial risk that the therapist-client difference or the therapist’s lack of experience is likely to cause the client more harm than good;
When a psychologist suspects that a personal problem might interfere with his/her effectiveness, consultation is appropriate; but when a psychologist knows that a personal problem is impairing his/her effectiveness, referrals are called for.
vicarious liability
legally responsible for the actions of their supervisees and employees; when the supervisor/employer has the right, ability, and responsibility to control the actions of the supervisee/employee and there is a substantial disparity between the knowledge, training, or experience of the supervisor/employer and that of the supervisee/employee
multiple relationship
occurs when a psychologist is in a professional role with a person and (1) at the same time is in another role with the same person, (2) at the same time is in a relationship with a person closely associated with or related to the person with whom the psychologist has the professional relationship, or (3) promises to enter into another relationship in the future with the person or a person closely associated with or related to the person