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science > fuels CP2 > Flashcards

fuels CP2 Flashcards

fuels ,crude oils ,combustion and cracking

1
Q

Homologous series meaning

A

a group of chemicals which have the same makeup

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2
Q

hydrocarbon meaning

A

a compound which only contains hydrogen and carbon

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3
Q

crude oil meaning

A

a mixture of a very large number of compounds

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4
Q

cracking meaning

A

long chains of hydrocarbons which are broken into shorter chains to meet supply and demand

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5
Q

fraction distillation meaning

A

the seperation of crude oils

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6
Q

renewable meaning

A

can be used more than once

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7
Q

what is the order of the boiling point of crude oils from hottest to coolest

A

gases ,petrol,kerosene,diesel ,fuel oil and bitumen

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8
Q

crude oil gases uses

A

domestic heating and cooking

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9
Q

petrol use

A

fuel for cars

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10
Q

kerosene use

A

fuel for planes

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11
Q

diesel use

A

fuel for some cars and also trains

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12
Q

fuel oil use

A

fuel for ships and power stations

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13
Q

bitumen use

A

used to surface roads and roofs

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14
Q

describe trends in the chain length

A

highest temp =smallest chain=most flammable

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15
Q

what is the difference between complete and incomplete combustion

A

complete combustion -plenty of oxygen
incomplete combustion-lack of oxygen

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16
Q

name the production and problems due to carbon dioxide

A

production -combustion of fuel that contain carbon
problems-climate change

17
Q

name the production and problems due to carbon monoxide

A

production- incomplete combustion of fuels that contain carbon
problems-toxic gasses can cause drowsiness ,loss of consciousness and death
colorless and oudourless

18
Q

name the production and problems due to carbon particles

A

production -incomplete combustion of fuels that contain carbon,particularly hydrocarbons with bigger molecules e.g diesel
problems-causes global dipping
damages lunges and causes cancer

19
Q

name the production and problems due to sulfur dioxide

A

production- produced when fuels that contain sulfur impurities are burnt
problems-causes acid rain which damages trees and buildings and kills animals

20
Q

name the production and problems due to nitrogen oxide

A

production-caused by nitrogen reacting with oxygen at high temperatures e.g. car engines
problems-causes acid rain and breathing problems

21
Q

why is cracking needed

A

to meet supply and demand

science (22 decks)

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