H Biology Digestive System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Absorption

A

Products of digestion are absorbed by blood and supplied to the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anus

A

The end of the digestive system, excretes Bodily waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Appendix

A

A small tube that is connected to the caecum, stores white bloods which contribute to your immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

A

The amount of energy the body requires to maintain homeostasis (at rest)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bile

A

Fluid made and secreted by the liver in order to break down fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A

A person’s weight, divided by height, which is used to see if someone is healthy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bolus

A

A ball of chewed food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chyme

A

A mixture of partially digested food and enzymes, formed in the stomach and small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Digestion

A

The process of breaking down food by mechanical (ex. chewing) and chemical digestion (enzymes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Duodenum

A

Mixes food with bile and enzymes to chemically digest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Elimination

A

Excreting waste and foreign substances from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Epiglottis

A

(When food is swallowed) Covers the larynx so food and liquid do not enter the windpipe and lungs/respiratory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Essential nutrients

A

Vitamins, minerals, protein, fats, water, and carbohydrates. These are all needed for proper bodily function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fiber

A

Helps waste move smoothly through the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Gallbladder

A

Stores bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Glycosidases

A

Enzyme which breaks down carbohydrates

17
Q

HCL

A

Helps breakdown protein and absorb essential nutrients

18
Q

HDLs

A

(High-Density Lipoproteins) absorb cholesterol and carry it back to the liver

19
Q

Ingestion

A

Consumption of a substance by an organism

20
Q

Large Intestine

A

Absorbs water and electrolytes, produces and absorbs vitamins, forming and propelling feces to the rectum

21
Q

LDLs

A

(Low-Density Lipoproteins) Transports fat molecules around the body, make up most of the bodies cholesterol, high levels are bad

22
Q

Lipases

A

Enzyme that breaks down lipids

23
Q

Liver

A

Filtration
Digestion
Metabolism and Detoxification
Protein Synthesis
Storage of Vitamins and Minerals

24
Q

Microvilli

A

Microvilli of the small intestine increase surface area of the small intestine in order to absorb more nutrients

25
Q

Minerals

A

Building materials for bones
Influence muscle and nerve function
Regulating the body’s water balance

26
Q

Nucleases

A

Enzymes that break down nucleic acids

27
Q

Oral Cavity

A

Beginning of the digestive system

28
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces digestive enzymes

29
Q

Peristalsis

A

A series of wave like contraction that move substances through the digestive tract

29
Q

Proteases

A

Enzymes that break down proteins

29
Q

Rectum

A

Final section of the large intestine, right before anus

30
Q

Salivary Glands

A

Produce saliva, saliva contains enzymes which help digest food. Specifically amylase which breaks down carbs

31
Q

Sphincter

A

A ring like muscle that either relaxes or contract a opening in the body

32
Q

Villi

A

Absorb nutrients from the lumen of the small intestine

33
Q

Vitamin K

A

A fat-soluble vitamin, helps prevent blood clotting and the building of bones

34
Q

Vitamins

A

Boost the immune system
Support growth and development
Help with cellular and organ work