Week 5 Flashcards
Anatomical position is ____ degrees?
0 (zero)
- zero degrees is straight flat-out arm
True or false: you only need to gain consent once when palpating
False
–> gain consent every time and be respectful - patient needs to be prepared
How do you know if you are applying the right amount of pressure when palpating?
Need a gentle pressure, if pushing too hard you will see white under nail beds
What should you do when palpating?
use lumbrical grip: most nerve endings on thumb and index finger
Keep body part well supported: keep the muscle around the area you’re touching relaxed
–> easiest to find when patient is laying down as opposed to sitting (have them laying down if possible)
What are the different structures you should feel when palpating?
Muscle: springs/bounces back
ex - thenar eminence: muscle in thumb
Adipose (fatty): spongy/doesn’t spring back like thenar eminence
ex - under chin
Nerve - feels like a cord
ex - edial epicondyle: below elbow
Bone: hard boney
ex - ulna styloid: ball in wrist
Different types of ROM
AROM - active range of motion (patient does it themselves)
AAROM - Active assisted range of motion (patient does it with help)
PROM - Passive range of motion (you, the PTA do it)
What is “goniometry”?
Why do it?
Measurement of joint angles
–> always start at 0
–> an objective measure, therefore goes in “O” in SOAP notes
Why use it?
1) Sets a baseline/tells us where we’re starting from
2) Measures progress/lets us know if patient is getting better
What do the red numbers and black numbers represent on the goniometer?
Red numbers - abduction
Black - flexion and extension
What do you do if a patient can go further than 0 degrees (hyper extend) or if they can’t get to 0
If patient can’t get to 0: use a negative number
(ex: -10 degrees means patient is missing 10 degrees of movement)
If patient can hyper extend then use a plus
(ex: +10 degrees means extra ten degrees of movement)
MMT (Manual Muscle Testing) tests the strength of a muscle how? Why?
Isometric
Why?
1) Figure out where you’re starting/ get a baseline
2) Track progress
Grading system for MMT (Manual Muscle Testing)
0/5 - can’t even see muscle turn on, paralysis
1/5 - can’t move joint, but can see the muscle turn on, contraction without movement
2/5 - can move it, but not all the way
3/5 - goes all the way against gravity, bends all the way, can’t hold against resistance
4/5 - can pull patient’s arm away
5/5 - can hold without being able to take arm away
Which muscle is the strongest and why?
a) Brachialis
b) Brachioradialis
c) Biceps
c) Biceps
prime mover
What does L, R, and P mean in terms of documentation?
Left, right and pain
What area of SOAP notes does pain go in?
S as pain is subjective
–> unless it is “rate your pain from 1-10”/using a pain scale - then it goes in “O” (objective) of SOAP notes
