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AUBF Prelim (2) Lec > Renal Function > Flashcards

Renal Function Flashcards

1
Q

The ability of the kidneys to clear waste
products selectively from the blood and
simultaneously to maintain the body’s
essential water and electrolyte balances is
controlled in the nephron by the renal
functions

A

Kidney function

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2
Q

Kidney function

A
  1. Maintain homeostasis
  2. Excretion waste product
  3. Maintenance blood pressure
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3
Q

supplies blood to the
kidney

A

Renal artery

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4
Q

receive a large blood flow

A

Kidney

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5
Q

Consists of capillary tuft.

A

Glomerulus

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6
Q

Factors influence the actual filtration process

A

◦ cellular structure of the capillary walls
◦ hydrostatic and oncotic pressures
◦ feedback mechanisms of the reninangiotensin-
aldosterone system.

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7
Q

containing pores and are referred to as fenestrated.

A

Capillary wall

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8
Q

Cpaillary wall pore referred as

A

Fenestrated

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9
Q

restriction of large molecules occurs as the filtrate passes

A

Basal lamina

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10
Q

the thin membranes covering the filtration slits formed by
the intertwining foot processes of the podocytes of the
inner layer of Bowman’s capsule

A

Visceral epithelium of bowman’s capsule

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11
Q

Cellular layer

A

Capillary wall membrane
Basal lamina
Visceral epithelium bowman’s capsule

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12
Q

necessary to overcome the opposition of pressure from the fluid from the Bowman’s
capsule and the ONCOTIC PRESSURE of unfiltered plasma protein.

A

Hydrostatic pressure

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13
Q

Autoregulatory mechanism within the

A

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

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14
Q

Dilation of the afferent arterioles and constriction of the efferent arterioles

A

Bp drops

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15
Q

regulates the flow of blood to and within the
glomerulus.

A

RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)

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16
Q

This system respond to changes in blood pressure
and plasma sodium content

A

Renin- angiotensin- aldosterone- system

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17
Q

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system monitored by

A

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

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18
Q

FUNCTIONS OF ANGIOTENSIN II:

A
  1. Vasolidation of afferent & vasoconstriction efferent
  2. Stimulate sodium reabsorption
  3. Release of hormone aldosterone
  4. Release of antidiuretic hormone
19
Q

Substance to be reabsorbed must combine
to a carrier protein contained in the membranes of the renal tubular cells.

A

Active transport

20
Q

Can be influenced by the concentration of
the substance being transported.

A

Active transport

21
Q

plasma concentration at
which active transport stops

A

Renal threshold

22
Q

movement of molecules
across membrane as a result
of differences in their
concentration or electrical
potential.

A

Passive transport

23
Q

Exceeding the renal threshold of substances affects the Maximal
reabsorptive capacity of the tubules, leading to the appearance of the substance in the urine.

A

Passive transport

24
Q

Active transport
Substance:
Location: proximal convoluted tubules

A

Glucose
Amino acids
Salts

25
Q

Active transport
Substance: glucose, amino acids and salts
Location:

A

Proximal convoluted tubules

26
Q

Active transport
Substance:
Location: proximal and distal convoluted tubules

A

Sodium

27
Q

Active transport
Substance: sodium
Location:

A

Proximal and distal convoluted tubules

28
Q

Passive transport
Substance:
Location: proximal convoluted tubules
Descending loop of henle
Collecting duct

A

Water

29
Q

Passive transport
Substance: water
Location:

A

Proximal convoluted
Descending loop of henle
Collecting duct

30
Q

Passive transport
Substance:
Location: proximal convoluted tubules
Ascending loop of henle

A

Urea

31
Q

Passive transport
Substance: urea
Location:

A

Proximal convoluted tubules
Ascending loop of henle

32
Q

Passive transport
Substance:
Location: ascending loop of henle

A

Sodium

33
Q

Passive transport
Substance: sodium
Location:

A

Ascending loop of henle

34
Q

High body hydration = low adh = _______ urine volume

A

High

35
Q

______ body hydration = low adh = high urine volume

A

High

36
Q

High body hydration = ______ aDh = high urine volume

A

Low

37
Q

Low body hydration = high adh = _______ urine volume

A

Low

38
Q

______ body hydration = high adh = low urine volume

A

Low

39
Q

Low body hydration = ______ aDh = low urine volume

A

High

40
Q

2 MAJOR FUNCTIONS: tubular secretion

A

Elimination waste product
Regulation acid base balance

41
Q

Vasopressin- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) =

A

Water reabsorption

42
Q

_____________ - Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) = WATER REABSORPTION

A

Vasopressin

43
Q

Vasopressin- _____________________= WATER REABSORPTION

A

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

AUBF Prelim (2) Lec (7 decks)

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