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Geography > London > Flashcards

London Flashcards

1
Q

What is a megacity?

A

A city with more than 10 million habitants

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2
Q

What is urbanisation?

A

the increasing proportion of people living in urban areas

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3
Q

What are four factors causing urbanisation?

A

Location, natural increase, economic development, migration

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4
Q

Why is location a cause of urbanisation?

A

Urbanisation is rapid by ports because they are good places for trade

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5
Q

Why is natural increase a cause of urbanisation?

A

Cities have better healthcare and life expectancies so more people move there

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6
Q

Why is economic development a cause of urbanisation?

A

Economic development creates jobs, which are a pull factor

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7
Q

why is migration a cause of urbanisation?

A

Most migrants are young and looking for jobs (pull factors

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8
Q

What is our HIC city case study?

A

London

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9
Q

What is London’s current population?

A

9 million (national importance)

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10
Q

What is the 7th busiest airport in the world?

A

London Heathrow (international importance)

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11
Q

How many tourists do we get annually?

A

30 million in 2017 (international importance)

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12
Q

What % more do Londoners earn than the rest of the UK?

A

23% (national importance)

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13
Q

What percentage of Londoners have uni degrees?

A

60%

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14
Q

Londons stock exchange is…

A

the largest in the world

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15
Q

what percentage of london is green space

A

40%

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16
Q

london is the greenest…

A

city in the world

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17
Q

How does migration impact Londons economy

A

migration improves the economy

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18
Q

How does migration improve taxes?

A

Working migrants pay income tax

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18
Q

How does migration improve healthcare?

A

26% of doctors are from outside of the uk

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18
Q

What percentage of the UK’s immigrants live in London?

A

40%

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19
Q

How has urban change in London created opportunities economically?

A

London generates 22% of the UK’s GDP

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20
Q

How has urban change in London created recreational opportunities?

A

West end theatres, shopping centres which all provide jobs

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21
Q

How has urban change in London created transport opportunities?

A

London has a great integrated transport system

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22
Q

How has urban change in London created environmental opportunities ?

A

urban greening, 8 royal parks

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23
Q

What is urban greening?

A

integrating green infrastructure within urban areas

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24
Q

What is London’s urban greening programme?

A

Trying to become the first ‘national park city’

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25
Q

In which boroughs are white people the minority?

A

Brent and Newham

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26
Q

Name 3 tourist attractions in London

A

Big Ben, The London Eye and Buckingham Palace

27
Q

What major sporting event occurred in London?

A

2012 Olympics

28
Q

What is an integrated transport system?

A

Where different types of transport all have links

29
Q

What is social deprivation?

A

The degree to which a person or a community lacks the things essential for a decent life

30
Q

What is inequality defined as?

A

The difference in how income is distributed in individuals and or populations

31
Q

What is urban decline?

A

The deterioration of the inner city, often caused by lack of investment and management

31
Q

What is urban deprivation?

A

Standard of living below the majority in a particular society

32
Q

Is unemployment evenly distributed in London?

A

NO

33
Q

House prices in London are…

A

higher than in any other part of the UK

34
Q

Schools in the poorest areas…

A

get the lowest GCSE grades

35
Q

People living in wealthier areas live…

A

longer than those in deprived areas

36
Q

What was London’s employment rate in 2011?

A

67%

37
Q

What was the UK’s employment rate in 2011?

A

70%

38
Q

What are brownfield sites?

A

previously developed land which is not in use

39
Q

How many hectares of land were brownfield sites which arent to be used?

A

250

40
Q

What is the rural-urban fringe

A

the edge of cities

41
Q

What is urban sprawl

A

The growth outward of cities into rural urban fringes

42
Q

What is the tax impact of urban sprawl?

A

Increased taxes for rural urban fringe habitants

43
Q

What is the traffic impact of urban sprawl?

A

Increased traffic in rural urban fringes

44
Q

What happens to population density as you move up north?

A

Decreases

45
Q

What is a cost advantage of building on greenfield sites?

A

They are cheaper because there is no cleanup needed

46
Q

What is an advantage of building on greenfield sites to architects?

A

They have a blank canvas to work on

47
Q

What is a greenfield site?

A

land that hasn’t been developed previously

48
Q

What is a sustainable advantage of building on brownfield sites?

A

Its more sustainable because its already developed

49
Q

What road advantage is there to building on a brownfield site?

A

Road networks to brownfield sites already exist

50
Q

What is a planning advantage of building on brownfield sites?

A

there is a higher chance of getting planning permission because councils want to reuse brownfield sites

51
Q

what is a commuter settlement

A

places where people live and travel elsewhere for work

52
Q

What is an environmental disadvantage to using greenfield sites?

A

natural habitats may be destroyed

53
Q

What is a waste disadvantage to using brownfield sites?

A

Old buildings may need to be demolished, ground may need to be decontaminated

54
Q

What is our case study for a regeneration project?

A

Queen Elizabeth Park, Stratford

55
Q

Which borough is the Olympic Park in?

A

Newham

56
Q

What was Newhams average salary?

A

20,000

57
Q

one in four houses in newham are…

A

overcrowded

58
Q

brownfield sites in newham were polluted with…

A

oil and chemicals

59
Q

What shopping centre was build for the Games which provided jobs?

A

Westfield

60
Q

what place was going to be used as offices after the Games?

A

Here East

61
Q

what building college was built in newham

A

New Construction College

62
Q

What provided homes after the Games?

A

East Village

63
Q

How many houses did East Village supply?

A

2800

64
Q

How many tonnes of CO2 did the games produce

A

3.3 million

65
Q

What type of land was the stadium build on?

A

Brownfield

Geography (14 decks)

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