Chapter 1 Flashcards
Name 4 basic tissue types
Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous
Epithelial tissue
The cells making up the skin and the superficial layer of mucous membranes, as well as linings of cavities of the body
Connective tissue
Specialized for the purposes of support and protection
Muscular Tissue
Specialized contractile tissue that has muscle fibers capable of being stimulated to contract
What is a tissue aggregate?
Basic body tissues are combined to form larger structures
what is fascia
Surrounds organs, is a sheet-like membrane that maybe either dense or nearly transparent, thin or thick
Ligaments
Binding together structures of the body
Tendons
Provide a means of attaching muscle to bone or cartilage
Bones
Provide rigid skeletal support and protect organs and soft tissue
Joints
The union of bones with other bones, or cartilage with other cartilage, is achieved by means of joints
Types of joints
Fibrous (immobile), cartilaginous (limited), synovial (highly mobile)
Fibrous joints
A. Syndesmosis: banded by ligament
B. Suture: skull bone union
C. Gomphosis: tooth in alveolus
Cartilaginous joints
A. Synchondrosis: cartilage that ossifies through aging
B. Symphysis: bone connected by fibrocartilage
Synovial joints
A. Plane: shallow or flat surfaces
B. Spheroid: ball and socket variant allowing wide range of movement
C. Condylar: shallow ball and socket joint
D. Ellipsioid: football shaped ball and socket
E. Trochoid (pivot): head rotates or pivots in fossa
F. Sellar (saddle): convex and concave joint with a long axis
G. Ginglymus (hinge): one member rotates, allowing only flexion and extension
Body systems
Muscular, skeletal, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, endocrine, nervous
Systems of speech
Phonatory, articulatory, resonatory
Nervous system
CNS & PNS
Axial skeleton
Head and trunk, with the spinal column being the axis