Political Parties (Funding, Regulation, Make Up) Flashcards

1
Q

Why is party funding controversial?

A
  • favour two main parties
  • large donors can be hidden and unaccountable
  • scandals ‘cash for honours’ - expected peerage
  • lacks regulation/limits
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2
Q

What was the ‘cash for peerage’ scandal 2006?

A

Blair nominated 4 wealthy business men who had lent labour a total of £5 million.

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3
Q

what were trends in party funding for Conservative party and the Green Party in 2019?

A
  • Conservatives declined 35%
  • Green increased 65%
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4
Q

What are examples of cash for Peerages?

A
  • 2006 Blair nominated 4 wealthy business men who had lent labour a total of £5mil.
  • 2020 1/4 peerages were Tory donors.
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5
Q

Define short money.

A

Financial support for the opposition.

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6
Q

What is the tax allowance Act 2014?

A
  • Marriage tax benefits: Reduced income tax, and ability to pass money onto spouse without injuring inheritance tax.
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7
Q

what are potential funding reforms? (4)

A
  • Impose restrictions on the size of individual donations to parties.
  • Impose tighter restrictions on how much parties are able to spend.
  • remove donations from businesses, pressure groups, and trade unions. Only individuals can donate
  • Replace all funding with state grants, paid for out of general taxation.
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8
Q

What are arguments for parties receiving more public funding?

A
  • Donations by individuals are disproportionate and unfair.
  • Would enable smaller parties to have greater input in democracy.
  • remove corruption
  • State matched funding might encourage participation.
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9
Q

How much did parties receive 6 weeks prior to the 2019 General Election period?

A
  • A total of £30.7 million in registered donations.
  • 63% of this was donated to the Conservative Party.
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10
Q

Where did 60% of labours income come from in 2014-15?

A

Trade Unions

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11
Q

What did the Political Parties, Elections & Referendums Act 2000 do? (5)

A
  • Established the Electoral Commission.
  • People not on the electoral roll cannot donate (no foreign influence)
  • Donations over £500 must be declared.
  • Donations over £7500 must be placed on an electoral register.
  • transparency
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12
Q

What legislation has improved transparency of party funding?

A
  • Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000
  • Political Parties & Elections Act 2009
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13
Q

How much funding did the Conservatives gain in donations during the 2019 election period?

A

63%; 19.4m

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14
Q

What are success factors of political parties? (7)

A
  • manifesto
  • choice of candidates/campaign
  • leaders
  • media
  • wider political context
  • unity
  • opposition
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15
Q

What are drawbacks to funding reform? (4)

A
  • Little public appetite as tax payers are reluctant to see their taxes pay for parties.
  • large parties will be placed at an advantage.
  • Hard to decide how funding will be allocated.
  • Donations by individuals are willingly done and are manageable.
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16
Q

What was the ‘COVID loans for Tory donors?’

A

Companies that received taxpayer backed loans to help them survive the pandemic continued to donate tens and thousands of pounds to the Conservative Party.

17
Q

How many seats do Lib Dem’s have?

A

14

18
Q

How many seats does the Green Party have?

A

1

19
Q

What % of Britains supported the PMs expansion of stop and search powers?

A

75%

20
Q

What % of Britain thought the minimum wage was too low?

A

53%

21
Q

How much funding did the Green Party get in 2019?

A

£245,000

22
Q

How much funding did the women’s equality party get in 2019?

A

£60,000

23
Q

What are a few sources of finance for UK parties? (4)

A
  • Membership subscriptions.
  • Holding fundraising events.
  • Receiving donations.
  • State (cranbourne/short money)
24
Q

What did the Political Parties & Elections Act 2009 do?

A

Gave the electoral commission the power to investigate and impose fines, restrict donations from non uk residents, and impose tighter regulations.

25
Q

What % of people do not know where they stand on the political spectrum?

A

29%

26
Q

Fill in blank: All donations that excess ________ must be registered with the Electoral Commission.

A

£7,500

27
Q

How much did the Lib Dems get in donations during the 2019 election period?

A

£1.3 million

28
Q

How much did trade unions donate to labour during tho 2019 election period?

A

£5 million

29
Q

What was the % increase of donations to the Green Party from 2017 compared to the 2019 election period?

A

65%

30
Q

How much did individuals and companies donate to parties prior the 2019 general election?

A
  • Individuals- £19 million/ 62%. (Highest share)
  • Companies- £6.6 million/ 21%.
31
Q

What is the requirement for short money?

A
  • Secure either 2 seats or 1 seat with a gain of 150,000 votes from the previous election.