Local structures of government- soviets

Question 1

When was the first workers council/ soviet set up?

Answer 1

After the October Manifesto in 1905.

Question 2

Where was the first workers council set up?

Answer 2

St Petersburg.

Question 3

What was the initial aim of soviets?

Answer 3

-To coordinate strikes and protect factory workers.

Question 4

What was the council officially referred to as in 1917?

Answer 4

-The Petrograd Soviet of workers deputies
-Bolsheviks began to dominate the executive committee.

Question 5

How powerful were soviets? (powerful)

Answer 5

-controlled Russia- dictating strikes, essential service.
-Petrograd soviet order no1- ultimate authority over soldiers.

Question 6

How powerful were the soviets? (not powerful)

Answer 6

-forced into protecting the Bolsheviks
-July 1917- B had 200,0000 members compared to Menshevik 8000.

Question 7

What slogan did the communists drop in terms of soviets?

Answer 7

‘all power to the soveits’

Question 8

How many members did the Menshevik party have in comparison to the Bolshevik party?

Answer 8

-200,000 Bolsheviks
-8,000 Menshevik.

Question 9

What year was the Petrograd soviet order No.1?

Answer 9

1917.

Question 10

What legal reforms under the Tsars in 1864? ALEX II

Answer 10

-jury system
-hierarchy
-pay for judges.

Question 11

What legal reforms under the Tsars in 1877? ALEX II

Answer 11

-senate to try political cases.

Question 12

What legal reforms under the Tsars in 1881? ALEX III

Answer 12

-centralised police
-land captains over JP’s
-special courts for political cases.

Question 13

What legal reforms occurred from 1917 onwards?

Answer 13

-‘revolutionary justice’

Question 14

What epitomised the ‘revolutionary justice’?

Answer 14

-The new criminal code of 1921.

Question 15

What was the new criminal code of 1921?

Answer 15

-legalised the use of terror to deal with crime.