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geography 2024 a level > Water Case Studies > Flashcards

Water Case Studies Flashcards

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1
Q

Rainforest

How much of the Amazon has been deforested?

A

20%

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2
Q

Rainforest

In a forest environment, how much water is returned to the cycle through EVT versus when it is cleared?

A

75% compared to 20%

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3
Q

Rainforest

How much rainforest is being cleared every minute?

A

A football pitch worth

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4
Q

Rainforest

How much of the world’s fresh water comes from the Amazon?

A

20%

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5
Q

Rainforest

When did the first wave of deforestation begin in the Amazon?

A

1970s

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6
Q

Amazon River

How many countries does the river support?

A

5

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7
Q

Amazon River

What is the driest month in the Amazon Basin?

A

August

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8
Q

Amazon River

How much is the rainfall during the dry season?

A

2 Inches

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9
Q

Amazon River

How much is the rainfall per month in the wet season?

A

8 inches

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10
Q

Amazon River

On the average day, how much moisture do the trees of the Amazon reduce?

A

20 billion tonnes

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11
Q

Amazon River

What is a feature of the underlying soil in the Amazon?

A

It is very dense and nutrient heavy

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12
Q

2007 floods

How much economic damage did the River Severn Cause?

A

£6 million

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13
Q

2007 floods

How many people in Upton died because of the floods?

A

12

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14
Q

2007 floods

How many homes were effected in Tewkesbury?

A

48,000

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15
Q

2007 floods

How high above normal levels did the river flood in Worcester?

A

4.5 metres

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16
Q

Nile

How many people rely on the Nile’s water?

A

200 million people

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17
Q

Nile

How many countries does the Nile run through? Name 2?

A

11
Egypt and Ethiopia

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18
Q

Nile

How much water from the Nile does Egypt depend on?

A

95%

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19
Q

Nile

What was the Nile Basin Initiative and when was it signed?

A

1999

Enhanced cooperation over the water sources of the Nile between affected countries.

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20
Q

Drought

In 1999, how many people needed food in Ethiopia due to shortages caused by drought?

A

10 million

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21
Q

Drought

How much of Ethiopias rain falls in summer?

A

85%

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22
Q

Drought

When did the big Dry occur in Australia?

A

2006

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23
Q

Drought

How much did reservoirs in Australia fall to during the Big Dry?

A

40% of their capacity

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24
Q

Drought

What was the impact of the water restrictions in Australia?

A

Melbourne’s water consumption fell by 16% in 2007 compared to 2006

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25
Q

Nile

In April 2011 which water project was announced?

A

Grand Ethiopia Renaissance Dam

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26
Q

Nile

When did Egypt agree to the Grand Ethiopia Dam?

A

March 2015

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27
Q

Water Management

How much water does Desalination in China produce per day?

A

14 million cubic metres

28
Q

Water Management

How many people were protected downstream due to the 3 Gorges dam?

A

100 million people

29
Q

Water Management

How many people forced to relocate due to the 3 Gorges dam?

A

1.3 million people

30
Q

Water Management

How many emissions do desalination plants produce?

A

The same as 350 million cars

31
Q

Water Management

What have the National Water Agency in Singapore invested in?

A

Local catchment water - collecting rainwater through a network of drains

32
Q

Flooding

How many people have been affected by flooding since 1990?

A

3 billion

33
Q

Flooding

Name a water Bourne disease?

A

Cholera

34
Q

Nile
What is the 1929 Nile agreement?

A

The agreement that gave most of the water allocation to Egypt and Sudan

35
Q

When did China begin the South-North water redirection plan? How much is it expected to cost?

A

2003
$100 billion

36
Q

What % of Dams globally are in China?

A

46%

37
Q

What company encourage water conserving farming practices in Africa?

A

Farm Africa

38
Q

How much water is expected to be saved on the North China Plain from sustainable irrigation?

A

25%

39
Q

Which river did the US army restore in Florida? How much was restored?

A

Kissimmee
Over 100 square km

40
Q

Oceans contain what % of all water and what % of fresh water?

A

97%
0%

41
Q

Ice caps contain what % of all water and what % of fresh water?

A

1.9%
68.7%

42
Q

Ground water contain what % of all water and what % of fresh water?

A

1.1%
30.1%

43
Q

What % of all precipitation removal in arid/semi arid areas does EVT account for?

A

Nearly 100%
75% in humid areas

44
Q

In 2014, how many cloud seeding missions were there in Dubai?

A

187

45
Q

How long does it take for run off to stop on recently afforested land?

A

30 years

46
Q

By 1994 how much had the surface of the Aral Sea declined by? Why?

A

50%
Soviet Irregation use

47
Q

How long can mid latitude anticyclones block precipitation for in the UK? What droughts did they cause

A

2 weeks
2010/2012

48
Q

When was the Millennium drought in Australia?

A

1997-2009

49
Q

What is the hottest temperature ever recorded in the UK?

A

40.3°c

50
Q

What is an example of a wetland?

A

Everglades in Florida

51
Q

How long do trees take to recover to their normal growth after drought?

A

1-4 years

52
Q

During the 2000-2003 droughts in Piñon Pines (USA) how many pines died because they were more susceptible to beetle attacks?

A

90% in some areas

53
Q

In 2015, how many people in Myanmar died due to Monsoon flooding?

A

103

54
Q

Which Siberian river floods due to snowmelt?

A

Ob

55
Q

What % of the world’s population live in areas receiving 25% of annual rainfall?

A

66%

56
Q

In China, how many people use contaminated water each day?

A

300 million

57
Q

Until recently, what % of abstractions were for agriculture?

A

70%

58
Q

Why is LA water expensive?

A

Because it comes from Colorado and therefore has to travel through pipes for miles

59
Q

How much higher are costs in Manila than normal due to informal vendors controlling supply?

A

4x

60
Q

How many litres of water needed for 1kg of beef in China?

A

17,850

61
Q

What % of water is used in energy production?

A

20%

62
Q

Where in the UK was there conflict over dam building?

A

Kielder Northumberland

63
Q

What Tanzanian river did stakeholders disagree about the management of?

A

Great Ruaha River

64
Q

What percent of all tube wells in Bangladesh were found to have arsenic in?

A

20%

65
Q

Where is saltwater encroaching into aquifers?

A

Los Angeles Basin

geography 2024 a level (4 decks)

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