Theory unit 1 - Inglesa III

Question 1

types of non verbal communication

Answer 1

• facial expression
• gestures
• paralinguistics
• body language
• proxemics
• eye gaze
• haptics
• appearance
• artifacts

Question 2

animal communication (4)
helps them to: (4)

Answer 2

• visual
• tactile
• auditory
• chemical

helps them to:
- attract mates
- warned off predators
- mark their territory
- identify themselves to other animals

Question 3

children are equipped with _____ ______ that allows them ____

Answer 3

an universal grammar that allows them to produce much greater language output than the one they receive as input

Question 4

body language of attraction
women signals: (4)
men signals: (3)

Answer 4

women signals:
- expose their neck
- touch the notch in their collarbone
- tilt their head down
- look up and bat their eyelashes (princess diana)

men signals:
- point their feet towards the woman they’re most attracted to, do leg blades, put their hands in their pockets and expose their thumbs

Question 5

what can body language convey? (8)

Answer 5

• attraction
• embarrasment
• trust
• confidence
• power
• assertiveness
• anger
• excitement

Question 6

language is: (3)

Answer 6

• the primary tool for expression and communication
• a virtue to self-reflection bc we use it to communicate, in writing, speaking and visually
• valuable to express and share how we feel

Question 7

james baldwin claims that people evolve language in order to _____

Answer 7

describe and control their circumstances or not be submerged by a reality they cannot articulate
eg: french people who live in the city vs the countryside

Question 8

definition of language

Answer 8

language is the expression of ideas by means of speech-sound combined into words, which are, combined into sentences

Question 9

what is a mother tongue?

Answer 9

language which a child starts hearing after being born, which helps in providing a definite shape to our emotions and thoughts

Question 10

why is slanguage a natural human tendency?

Answer 10

bc all groups generate their own language to include or exclude other people

Question 11

what does appropiacy have to do with slanguage?

Answer 11

teenagers who use slanguage are losing a sense of appropiacy:
the skill of turning it on and off in different situations

Question 12

what does language do?

Answer 12

not only empowers individuals to participate as members of a community, it’s the key in enabling individuals to establish and define the dimensions of their identity

Question 13

a language that doesn’t adapt and evolve is:

Answer 13

a dead language

Question 14

What is English as a Lingua Franca?

Answer 14

communication in English between speakers with different first languages
- it’s highly simplified and unidiomatic

Question 15

a language achieves global status when:

Answer 15

• it’s recognized in every country
• other countries decide to give it a place within their communities

Question 16

what is Globish?

Answer 16

simplified version of the language used to communicate for business or cultural purposes

Question 17

According to McCrum, English isn’t a form of linguistic imperialism as:

Answer 17

• it’s used in a neutral way as it’s harmless
• people use it without thinking it

Question 18

Negative aspects of Engl as a Global lang:

Answer 18

• native speakers would take advantage to think and work quickly
• it will make other langs unnecesary
• the chosen lang may become very technical for non-native speakers
• Non- N speakers would feel poor when it comes to expressing feelings and emotions

Question 19

English is the best candidate to be a Lingua Franca as:

Answer 19

• english education is already widespread
• there’s a high level of penetration of ESL among young people
• there exists a large body of english media available on the Internet to create an inmersive experience for learners

Question 20

Pros of Globish (4)

Answer 20

• important for international communication
• simple sentences, plain vocab
• limit the influence of english
• reduces the gap between countries

Question 21

Cons of Globish (4)

Answer 21

• loss of cultural diversity
• threat to freedom of speech and the ideals of multiculturalism
• laziness and arrogance resulting from the lack of motivation to learn other langs
• loss of social knowledge

Question 22

what is Pidgin?

Answer 22

simplified language that communities use to communicate with each other

Question 23

what is Linguistic Power?

Answer 23

those who speak a global language as a mother tongue are in a position of power compared to those who have to learn it as a foreign language. eg: scientists

Question 24

what is Linguistic Complacency?

Answer 24

• when a global lang eliminates the motivation for adults to learn other languages

Question 25

what is Linguistic Death?

Answer 25

when the emergence of a global language hasten the dissapearance of minority langs.

Question 26

what is a minority language?

Answer 26

language spoken by a minority of the population of a territory

Question 27

what do many communities do?

Answer 27

they abandon their tongue in favour of English, Mandarin or Spanish

Question 28

According to the text Vanishing Voices, what does speaking a language means?

Answer 28

it means inmersing oneself in its character and concepts
it alters your thinking and worldview

Question 29

what is a language hotspot?

Answer 29

concentrates regions of the world having the highest level of linguistic diversity, endargement and least-studied languages

Question 30

when a language dies … (4)

Answer 30

• we lose the expression of a unique vision of what it means to be human
• we lose memory of the planet’s history and cultures
• we lose some of the best local resources for combating environmental threats
• some people lose their mother tongue

Question 31

According to the text dreams of endangered cultures, what can culture do?

Answer 31

it can create different realities
eg: some children are taught that mountains define their destiny and are godesses, others are taught that they’re just a pile of rockh

Question 32

how to prevent the loss of languages? unesco (3)

Answer 32

• raising awareness of the importance of language preservation in education
• collecting data on endangered cultures and indigenous languages
• supporting the use of local language in the media and promoting multilingualism on the internet