Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3erd year > Theory unit 4 - Inglesa III > Flashcards

Theory unit 4 - Inglesa III Flashcards

1
Q

what’s a fear?

A

a reaction to smth inmediate that threatens your security or safety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what’s a phobia?

A

an irrational and overactive fear of smth that cannot cause harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how to deal with fear (6)

A
  • face it
  • promote positivity
  • find a sense of purpose
  • do logotherapy
  • get support
  • develop a sense of personal control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what’s a cultural script?

A

it instructs people on how to respond to threats to their security

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are goosebumps?

A

when muscles become tighter, causing piloerection
!this makes animals look bigger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what’s fearmongering?

A

fear that’s socially constructed and manipulated by those who seek to benefit from it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex do?

A

the hippocampus along with the prefrontal cortex help us understand whether our fear response is real and justified or we may have overreacted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how is phobia created?

A

it’s created when there’s a disconnection between the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what’s phobia linked to?

A

it’s linked to heightened activity in the amygdala which regulate our emotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

who are the meaning and experience of fear shaped by?

A

cultural and historical factors
eg:
before: fear of god now: fear of cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is fear likely to increase the risk of?

A

heart disease, cancer, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

impact of chronic fear (5)

A
  • weakens inmune system
  • affects memory
  • fatigue
  • depression
  • PTSD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what’s the flight or fight response?

A

psychological response that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, a hack or a threat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what happens during the flight or fight response? (4)

A
  • breathing rate increases
  • heart rate increases
  • blood vessels constrict
  • muscles are pomped with blood (ready to react)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the vulnerable?

A

??

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what’s anger?

A

a secondary emotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what’s emotional literacy?

A

the ability to identify, understand and respond to emotions in oneself and others in a healthy manner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what can anger act as?

A

anger can act as a psychological salve:
the brain secretes norepinephrine which is an analgesic for the organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how can anger makes us sick? examples

A

eating disorders, anxiety, weak inmune system, memory damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what can we regulate with anger?

A

we can regulate vulnerability in relationships by:
- disengaging after closeness
- engaging at a safe distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

emotional literacy is the result of education in: (3)

A
  • how to interpret ourselves
  • where our emotions arise from
  • how our childhood influence us
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are the characteristics of emotional literacy? (6)

A
  • tolerate frustration
  • fight less
  • can handle being alone
  • engage in self-destructive behaviours
  • capable of greater academic achievement
  • better able to focus on tasks and control internal impulses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

tips to control your anger (4)

A
  • explore what’s behind it
  • be aware of your signs and triggers
  • learn ways to cool down
  • know when to seek for professional help
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what’s the goal of anger management?

A

it’s to understand the message behind the emotion and express it in a healthy way without losing control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what are the primary thoughts associated with chronic anger?

A
  • catastrophizing
  • missatributing causation: put the blame on other people
  • demandingness: put own needs ahead of others
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what’s alternative medicine?

A

it’s a natural treatment that’s used in place of a conventional medical treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what’s laughter?

A

a social behavior = we laugh bc other people are too
used to show agreement, understanding
we laugh more with familiar people
there’s little scientific research

28
Q

pros of alternative medic: (3)

A
  • targets the root cause
  • focus on treating all of the patient’s physical, emotional, mental and spiritual needs
  • focus on prevention instead of curing an existing problem
29
Q

cons of alternative medic (4)

A
  • it doesn’t heal instantly
  • possible interference with prescription drugs
  • scientific research is limited
  • can be harmful. eg: hava kava is used to treat anxiety but can cause liver damage
30
Q

herbal medicine (3)

A
  • the most prevalent is chinese herbalism, which claims that ying and yang must be in balance for good health
  • the aim of this treatment is to produce persisting improvements in well-being
  • 1994 US Congress “dietary supplement health and education act”
31
Q

what are the benefits of laughter? (3)

A
  • reduce stress hormones
  • workouts the diaphgram
  • humor perception involves the whole brain
32
Q

homeopathy (4)

A
  • large doses = symptom
    small doses = cure
    eg: coffee cruda is a diluted amount of coffee beans
  • this concepts are inconsistent with fundamental concepts of chemistry and physics
  • there’s no evidence its effective
  • the term was coined by Samuel H???
33
Q

what’s integrative medicine?

A

refers to taking a team approach to healthcare by bringing different modalities
eg: massage, meditation + traditional medicine

34
Q

what’s acupuncture?

A

stimulating the body to balance itself, which does through complex neurochemical pathways that affect the inmune system, nervous and inflammatory process

35
Q

what can acupuncture treat?

A

anything that causes pain
chron’s disease, colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, joint pain, menopause, infertility, PMS

36
Q

what are dreams?

A

a series of thoughts, images and sensations ocurring in your mind during sleep

37
Q

the psychology of dreams-approaches (5)

A
  • psychodinamic
  • humanistic
  • behavioral
  • cognitive
  • neuroscience
38
Q

sleep cycle (4)

A
  • stage 1: brain waves are rapid and of low-amplitude, people see images but don’t dream
  • stage 2: brain waves begin to slow down, dreaming begin
  • stage 3 and 4: slow brain waves, dreams are more emotional and auditory than visual
  • REM sleep: dreams are more vivid and more easily remembered
39
Q

what’s REM sleep disorder?

A

when we physically act out our dreams

40
Q

what’s a nightmare?

A

upsetting/frightening dream that tends to prompt a sense of danger that you awake from

41
Q

night terrors (3)

A
  • cause very rapid heart and sweating
  • worse than nightmares
  • experienced by children after stress or trauma
42
Q

what are lucid dreams?

A

it’s being aware that you’re dreaming and yet still participating in the dream

43
Q

what are fear extinction memories?

A

when the brain doesn’t have the chance to process what you fear in real life because you wake up from nightmares

44
Q

what’s daydreaming?

A

when your mind wanders and your attention shifts to your own mental place

45
Q

types of daydreaming (2)

A
  • positive- constructive: are upbeat and include imaginative thoughts
  • dysphoric: visions of failure and punishment
46
Q

benefits of daydreaming (4)

A
  • enhances creativity
  • helps consolidate learning
  • improves memory
  • help explore inner experiences
47
Q

what’s ruminate daydreaming?

A

when you rehash and analyze the past and worry about the future

48
Q

what’s a bad dream?

A

unpleasant dream that makes you feel bad for a short period of time but you continue to sleep through

49
Q

what does the prefrontal cortex regulate?

A

our thoughts, actions and emotions

50
Q

what’s the lymbic system?

A

part of the brain involved in our behavioral and emotional responses

51
Q

what’s shyness?

A

predisposition to feel awkard, worried or tense during social encounters, especially with people we aren’t fully acquainted with

52
Q

symptoms of shyness (6)

A
  • blushing
  • sweating
  • pounding heart
  • negative feelings about oneself
  • worry about the way we’re perceived
  • tendency to withdraw from social interactions
53
Q

how does social media help with shyness?

A

it can help shy people interact with others

54
Q

how to overcome shyness (5)

A
  • acknowledge it and release yourself from feeling self-conscious
  • practice social skills
  • expect a positive response rather than a negative
  • acknowledge the possibility of an interaction going poorly
  • approach social experiences in a strong emotional state
55
Q

the cultural and social values that children absorb from their parents…..

A

influence their social tendencies
eg:
- japanese culture: a parent may receive credit for a child’s success but a children bears responsibility in the case of failure
- israeli culture: a child receives praise when they succeed and when they don’t too

56
Q

what’s stress?

A

body’s hormonal reaction to danger, uncertainty and change

57
Q

why do many people die prematurely?

A

bc they believed stress could kill them

58
Q

benefits of stress (5)

A
  • it can energize us
  • motivate us to do better
  • makes us more resilient
  • makes us social
  • oxytocin (stress hormone) which strengthen our heart
59
Q

mindfulness’ techniques (4)

A
  • increased self awareness
  • breathing
  • muscle relaxation
  • meditation
60
Q

what’s eustress

A

good stress

61
Q

what’s the fight or flight response?

A

when the body suddenly shifts its energy resources to fight off the perceived threat

62
Q

what happens if you’re constantly stressed (3)

A
  • neurons shrivel and stop communicating
  • brain tissue shrinks the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (which affects memory)
  • can physically age ourselves
63
Q

what makes someone to be stress resistant (5)

A
  • how much control they have over their life
  • their social networks
  • openness to change
  • attitude (eg: optimism)
  • self-care skills (eg: exercising or humor)
64
Q

how to manage stress

A

change your thinking style as we create the stress in our brains
- your work isn’t stressful is your thinking that makes it

65
Q

how stress affect each system of the brain (4)

A
  • nervous: the hormones adrenaline and cortisol makes the heart beat faster, raise blood pressure, change the digestive process an boost glucose levels in the bloodstream
  • musculoskeletal: muscles tense up which can trigger tension headaches or migraines
  • respiratory: cause hyperventilation
  • cardiovascular: blood vessels dilate increasing the amount of blood pumped to the large muscles and the heart

3erd year (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions