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Pharmacology I > BRONCHODILATORS, ANTIHISTAMINES, ANTITUSSIVES, & EXPECTORANTS > Flashcards

BRONCHODILATORS, ANTIHISTAMINES, ANTITUSSIVES, & EXPECTORANTS Flashcards

1
Q

SALBUTAMOL (VENTOLIN) 7 POINTS

A
  • TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF ACUTE ASTHMA ATTACKS BY RELAXING THE SMOOTH MUSCLE TO OPEN AIRWAYS
  • REDUCES AIRWAY CONSTRICTION
  • STIMULATES ANXIETY, PALPITATIONS, TREMORS, AND INCREASED HEART RATE
  • TREATS HYPOTENSION AND SHOCK IN ALLERGIC REACTIONS
  • RELAXES UTERUS TO PREVENT PREMATURE LABOUR
  • VASCULAR HEADACHE & TREMORS

CONTRAINDICATIONS
UNCONTROLLED CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS
HIGH RISH OF STROKE

TEST VENTOLIN IN WATER TO SEE WHEN ITS EMPTY

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2
Q

EPINEPHRINE 4 POINTS

A
  • USED IN EMERGENCIES ONLY
  • CAUSES HEART STIMULATION

CONTRAINDICATIONS
UNCONTROLLED CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS
HIGH RISH OF STROKE

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3
Q

ANTICHOLINERGICS (3 POINTS)
IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE (ATROVENT)
TIOTROPIUM (SPIRIVA)

A

USED TO PREVENT BRONCHOSPASMS

PREVENTS CONSTRICTION OF THE BRONCHI AND NARROWING OF THE AIRWAYS

THESE HAVE DRYING EFFECTS, CAN HAVE DIFFICULTY URINATING

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4
Q

THEOPHYLLINE AKA XANTHINE (6 POINTS)

A

USED ADJUNCT IN COPD MANAGEMENT

TREATS BRONCHOCONSTRICTIONS

STIMULATES CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

CONTRAINDICATED
*UNCONTROLLED CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS

HAS LOTS OF INTERACTIONS
CAREFUL WITH OLDER ADULT BECAUSE OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

DO NOT DRINK ANYTHING WITH CAFFINE IF TAKING THIS MEDICATION

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5
Q

LEUKOTRIENES (SINGULAIR) (9)

A

CONTROLS BRONCHOSPASMS ->CONTROLLER MED, NOT FOR RAPID TX

DECREASES MUCUS

PREVENTS SMOOTH MUSCLE CONTRACTION

CAN BE USED FOR CHILDREN 2 AND UP

CONTRAINDICATIONS - ALLERGY TO BETADINE AND LACTOSE

ADVERSE EFFECT
MONTELUKAST-LESS SIDE EFFECTS. ONCE A DAY

IMPROVEMENTS SHOULD BE SEEN IN ABOUT 1 WEEK.

CAREFUL WITH OTC

MUST TAKE EVERY NIGHT ON A CONTINUOUS SCHEDULE

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6
Q

CORTICOSTEROIDS - (6)

FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE & BUDESONIDE
FLOVENT

A

CONTROLS ASTHMA, DOES NOT RELIEVE SYMPTOMS

USED FOR CHRONIC ASTHMA

WATCH FOR CANDIDA ORGANISMS

LOW DOSE IS USED FOR INHALATION THERAPY

  • GARGLE AND RINSE
  • BRONCHODILATOR SHOUD BE USED FIRST TO OPEN THE AIRWAYS, THEN CORTICOSTEROIDS
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7
Q

WHAT TWO TYPES OF ANTIHISTAMINES ARE THERE?

A

SEDATIVE AND NONSEDATING

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8
Q

WHICH ANTIHISTAMINE IS A SEDATIVE (CAUSES DROWSINESS)

A

DIPHENHYDRAMINE (BENADRYL)

ADVERSE EFFECT DROWSINESS

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9
Q

WHICH ANTIHISTAMINES ARE NONSEDATING?

ends in “INE”

A

FEXOFENADINE (ALLEGRA)
LORATADINE (CLARITIN)
CETIRIZINE (REACTINE)

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10
Q

ANTIHISTAMINES SHOULD BE TAKEN BEFORE___________ ___________

A

SYMPTOMS START

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11
Q

ANTIHISTAMINES ARE USED MAINLY FOR & ARE CONTRAINDICATED IN

7 POINTS

A

PREVENTING THE ACTION OF HISTAMINES

ALLERGIES, MOTION SICKNESS, PARKINSON’S, SLEEP DISORDERS

CONTRAINDICATED
ACUTE ASTHMA

LOWER RESPIRATORY DISEASES LIKE PNEUMONIA (DON’T WANT FLUID DRYING UP AND STICKING THERE)

PREGNANCY

HYPERTENSION & BPH (BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA

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12
Q

ANTIHISTAMINES INTERACT WITH

A

APPLE, GRAPEFRUIT, & ORANGE JUICE

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13
Q

WHAT ARE DECONGESTANTS USED FOR?

A

TREATING A COLD

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14
Q

ORAL DECONGESTANTS:

A

LAST LONG BUT TAKE LONG TO KICK IN

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15
Q

SPRAY DECONGESTANTS:

A

WORK FAST, DECREASE INFLAMMATION, RELIEVE STUFFINESS BUT CAN CAUSE REBOUND DECONGESTION

USED FOR 3-5 DAYS

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16
Q

THREE TYPES OF DECONGESTANTS

A

ADRENERGICS
ANTICHOLINERGICS
CORTICOSTEROIDS

17
Q

INTRANASAL STEROIDS END USUALLY IN?

A

‘IDE’ OR ‘SONE’

18
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR ALL DECONGESTANTS: 5

A 
NARROW ANGLE GLAUCOMA
HYPERTENSION
PROSTATITIS - SWOLLEN PROSTATE
DIABETES
*DRYING* BECAUSE OF THE ANTI-CHOLINGERIG EFFECT
19
Q

ADVERSE EFFECTS FOR ADRENERGICS DECONGESTANTS: 4

A

NERVOUSNESS, INSOMNIA, PALPITATIONS, TREMORS

20
Q

ADVERSE EFFECTS FOR STEROID DECONGESTANTS: 2

A

MUCOSAL DRYNESS AND IRRITATION

21
Q

NURSING IMPLICATIONS FOR DECONGESTANTS 3

A

AVOID CAFFEINE BECAUSE OF CNS STIMULATION

MAY CAUSE HYPERTENSION, PALPITATIONS AND CNS STIMULATION

WATCH FOR REBOUND CONGESTION

22
Q

ANTITUSIVES
TWO TYPES-
OPIOD WHICH CONTAIN?
NON-OPIOD WHICH CONTAIN

A

OPIOD WHICH CONTAIN CODEINE–ALL END WITH A ‘C’

NON-OPIOD WHICH CONTAIN DEXTROMETHORPHAN–ALL END WITH A ‘DM’

23
Q

ANTITUSSIVES
OPIOD & NON-OPIOD

INDICATIONS-(3)

CONTRAINDICATIONS- (2)

ADVERSE EFFECTS (4)

NURSING IMPLICATIONS (2)

A

USED TO STOP THE COUGH REFLEX WHE THE COUGH IS NONPRODUCTIVE, HARMFUL, OR BOTH

CONTRAINDICATIONS -HIGH RISK FOR RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION & OPIOID DEPENDENCY (FOR OPIOID ANTITIUSSIVES)

ADVERSE EFFECTS
DM PRODUCTS CAUSE DIZZINESS, DROWSINESS AND NAUSEA

CODEINE PRODUCTS CAUSE SEDATION

NURSING IMPLICATIONS
REPORT COUGH LAST MORE THAN A WEEK
DO NOT DRINK FOR 30-35 MINS AFTER TAKING LOZENGES

24
Q

EXPECTORANTS

GUAIFENESIN (ROBITUSSIN) (5)

A

REMOVAL OF MUCUS
REDUCES THE VISCOSITY OF SECRETIONS
LOOSENS AND THINS SPUTUM & BRONCHIAL SECRETIONS

CONTRAINDICATED IN HYPERKALEMIA

ADVERSE EFFECT - ANNOYS THE STOMACH

NURSING IMPLICATIONS
EXPECTORANTS SHOULD BE USED WITH CAUTION IN OLDER ADULT

Pharmacology I (13 decks)

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