History Of Earth

Question 1

is a scale used by geologists
to understand and describe
the history of the Earth

Answer 1

Geologic time scale

Question 2

4 era

Answer 2

Precambrian
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic

Question 3

primitive life-forms existed
approximately 3.5 billion
years ago

the first multicellular
organisms evolved, and
sexual division developed

Answer 3

Precambrian

Question 4

Called as ancient life; marine invertebrates and primitive fishes.

Plant and animal life
flourished. Amphibians left
the oceans to live on land,
reptiles evolved as fully
terrestrial life-forms, and
insect life began.

Answer 4

Paleozoic

Question 5

Called as middle life

this era is
best known as the time of
the dinosaurs.

Answer 5

Mesozoic

Question 6

is internationally accepted as the
youngest of the three
subdivisions of the fossiliferous
part of Earth history.

the interval of time during
which the continents
assumed their modern
configuration and
geographic positions and
during which Earth’s flora
and fauna evolved toward
those of the present.

Answer 6

Cenozoic

Question 7

Oldest time in Paleozoic; widespread seas several scattered landmasses; no land plants or animals; age of trilobites

Answer 7

Cambrian

Question 8

Rapid seafloor spreading; intense diversification of Maribel animal life;rise of fish

Answer 8

Ordovician

Question 9

Global sea level is higher; rose dramatically; extensive glaciers ice age melted

Answer 9

Silurian

Question 10

Age of fishes; ammonites appear early; first four legged amphibians

Answer 10

Devonian

Question 11

Mississippian and Pennsylvania; longest period in Paleozoic; refers coal-bearing strata

Answer 11

Carboniferous

Question 12

Hot and dry condition caused crisis; terrestrial plants broadly diversified; insects evolved they followed plants

Answer 12

Permian

Question 13

Major landmasses supercontinent Pangea; terrestrial climate warm; reptiles increased; first dinosaur

Answer 13

Triassic

Question 14

Pangea split apart; rock strata laid down yield gold, coal, petroleum; animals and plants recovered largest mass extinction

Answer 14

Jurassic

Question 15

Latin for chalk; warmer more humid; very active volcanism; unusual high rates of ss

Answer 15

Cretaceous

Question 16

Not only in mammals but also the flowering plants; insects; birds; corals….

Answer 16

Tertiary

Question 17

Rocks and sediments

Answer 17

Quaternary

Question 18

remnant, impression, or trace of
an animal or plant of a past
geologic age that has been
preserved in Earth’s crust

Answer 18

Fossil

Question 19

Small organism or part
trapped in amber, hardened
plant sap

Answer 19

Unaltered preservation

Question 20

The organic contents of bone
and wood are replaced with
silica, calcite or pyrite,
forming a rock-like fossil

Answer 20

Permineralization/petrification

Question 21

hard parts are dissolved and
replaced by other minerals,
like calcite, silica, pyrite, or
iron

Answer 21

Replacement

Question 22

The other elements are
removed and only the carbon
remained

Answer 22

Carbonization

Question 23

Hard parts are converted to
more stable minerals or small
crystals turn into larger
crystals

Answer 23

Recrystalization

Question 24

Molds and casts are formed
after most of the organism
have been destroyed or
dissolved

Answer 24

Authigenic preservation

Question 25

Knowing the age of a fossil can
help a scientist establish its
position in the geologic time
scale and find its relationship
with the other fossils.

Answer 25

Dating fossils

Question 26

study of layer
of rocks; not exact date; depends on position; uppermost younger; lowermost oldest

Answer 26

Relative dating

Question 27

actual age of
the fossil through radiometric
dating, using radioactive
isotopes carbon-14 and
potassium-40

Answer 27

Absolute dating