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Cosmetics Lec - K > Anti-Acne > Flashcards

Anti-Acne Flashcards

1
Q

Common dermatological disorder of the pilosebaceous unit

A

Acne

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2
Q

T/F: Acne is a disease condition

A

True

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3
Q

Major contributing factors to acne development

A

Sebum
Androgenes
Hyperkeratinization
P. acnes
Inflammation, immune reactions

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4
Q

T/F: Usually acne is in part triggered by excess sebum production

A

True

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5
Q

Main causative agent associated with acne development

A

Propionibacterium Acnes

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6
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Hyperkeratosis and Increase corneocyte cohesiveness in the upper sebaceous follicle which lead to microcomedo formation

A

Early Comedo

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7
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Microcornedo

A

Early Comedo

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8
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Accumulation of shed keratin and sebum

A

Later comedo

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9
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Formation of whorled lameliar concretions

A

Later comedo

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10
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Comedo may be closed or open

A

Later comedo

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11
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Propionibacterium acnes proliferation, which upregulates innate immune responses

A

INFLAMMATORY PAPULE/PUSTULE

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12
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Mild inflammation (primarily neutrophils), which increases upon rupture of the comedo wall

A

INFLAMMATORY PAPULE/PUSTULE

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13
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Sebaceous lobule regression

A

INFLAMMATORY PAPULE/PUSTULE

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14
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: Marked inflammation (primarily T cells)

A

NODULE/CYST

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15
Q

What stage in Acne Pathogenesis: May lead to scarring

A

NODULE/CYST

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16
Q

Types of Acne: Blackheads and White Heads

A

Non-inflammatory lesions

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17
Q

Consists of open and closed comedones, which are not inflamed and red because follicle walls are intact

A

Non-inflammatory lesions

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18
Q

Known as open comedones

A

Blackheads

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19
Q

Follicles that have wider opening filled with sebum and dead cells

A

Blackheads

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20
Q

Dark colors in Blackheads are caused by exposure of the top of the comedo to _________

A

oxygen

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21
Q

Known as closed comedones

A

Whiteheads

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22
Q

Follicles opening is closed and have normal skin color

A

Whiteheads

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23
Q

More likely to progress into inflammatory lesion

A

Whiteheads

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24
Q

Closed comedo becomes larger and packed due to debris and inflammation from P. acnes.

A

Inflammatory lesions

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25
Q

In Inflammatory lesions; follicle ruptures, white blood cells and red blood cells migrate to contain rupture, and lesions turn ___________.

A

red

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26
Q

Primary inflammatory lesions; small, raised, usually red, and tender bumps under the skin

A

Papules

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27
Q

Also called pimple; red tender bumps with white pus at the tip

A

Pustules

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28
Q

Deep lesions that are hard to touch, more painful, and deep red or purple of in color

A

Nodule

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29
Q

Large pus-filled lesions resulting from severe inflammatory reaction

A

Cyst

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30
Q

Can result to scarring of acne

A

Cyst

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31
Q

limited to face, and characterized by presence of non-inflammatory closed and open comedones with few inflammatory lesions

A

Mild acne

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32
Q

increased number of inflammatory papules and pustules on the face and affects other body parts

A

Moderate acne

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33
Q

back, chest, shoulders acne

A

Moderate acne

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34
Q

presence of nodules and cysts; facial lesions accompanied by widespread disease on the neck, chest, and back

A

Severe acne

35
Q

Acne topical treatments

A

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO)
Salicylic acid
Resorcinol and Sulfur
Topical Retinoids
Topical Antibiotics
Azelaic Acid

36
Q

Non-antibiotic antimicrobial agent that kill bacteria by producing reactive oxygen species within clogged pores

A

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO)

37
Q

Increases cell turnover, cleans pores, desquamates skin, and has anti-inflammatory properties.

A

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO)

38
Q

This topical treatment also addresses hyperkeratinization

A

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO)

39
Q

Mainstay treatment of mild to moderate acne, in combination with antibiotics and/or retinoids

A

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO)

40
Q

SE of BPO

A

peeling, dryness, burning, and redness of the skin

41
Q

T/F: We must also use sunblock together with using BPO

A

True

42
Q

In BPO, Irritation resolves with continued use during ____________ of treatment

A

1st month

43
Q

Betahydroxy acid

A

Salicylic acid

44
Q

Desquamating and comedolytic properties

A

Salicylic acid

45
Q

Less potent and better tolerated than topical retinoids

A

Salicylic acid

46
Q

Salicylic acid are _________ products at concentrations of ________ as lotions, creams, ________, facial wash gels, ________, and ___________

A

OTC; 0.5-2%; foams; toners; cleansing pads

47
Q

Salicylic acid SE:dryness, redness, ___________, ________, and burning

A

scaling;itching

48
Q

T/F: The use of salicylic acid must be coupled with the use of sunblock/sunscreen

A

True

49
Q

Available as creams, masks, ointments, and soap bars

A

RESORCINOL AND SULFUR

50
Q

T/F: Sulfur has antibacterial effects

A

True

51
Q

Topical Retinoids are____________ derivatives that normalize abnormal desquamation in sebaceous follicles, ______________ coherence of follicular keratinocytes, and prevent formation of new ___________________

A

Vitamin A; decrease; microcomedones

52
Q

Maybe used as monotherapy for the management of mild noninflammatory comedonal acne with maximum benefit after 3-4 mos., and as maintenance therapy

A

Topical retinoids

53
Q

Include tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene

A

Topical retinoids

53
Q

Topical retinoids are available as:cream, gel, _________, and ____________ formulations

A

liquid; microsphere

54
Q

Topical retinoids SE:___________, burning sensation, redness, itching, and ___________

A

transient skin irritation, burning sensation, redness, itching, and peeling

55
Q

Negative effects of topical retinoids can be prevented by using _______________ of active ingredients or _______________

A

lower concentration; modifying the vehicle

56
Q

Used for mild or moderate acne with inflammatory lesions

A

Topical antibiotics

57
Q

Include clindamycin and erythromycin

A

Topical antibiotics

58
Q

With bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory properties

A

Topical antibiotics

59
Q

Topical antibiotics are available as:gels, creams, _________, _________, _______, and _______

A

gels, creams, lotions, foams, toners, and pads

60
Q

topical antibiotics are combined wtih

A

BPO and Retinoids

61
Q

Alternative to retinoids; with comedolytic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties

A

Azelaic Acid

62
Q

Part of the annex that list the ingredients that are not allowed for use in cosmetics

A

Azelaic Acid

63
Q

Systemic treatments

A

Oral Antibiotic
Hormonal Therapy
Isortetinoin

64
Q

Include doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline, and erythromycin

A

Oral Antibiotic

65
Q

May cause upset stomach, dizziness, or skin discoloration

A

Oral Antibiotic

66
Q

antibiotic that may cause sun sensitivity

A

Doxycycline

67
Q

oral antibiotic that can cause teeth discoloration

A

tetracycline

68
Q

oral antibiotic that can cause skin hyperpigmentation

A

minocycline

69
Q

Adjunct therapy in women with moderate to severe acne

A

hormonal therapy

70
Q

Reduces and/or prevents outbreaks, but not effective for existing lesions (used with topical retinoids for lesions)

A

hormonal therapy

71
Q

Hormonal Therapy Forms:

A

(1) Combination ** oral contraceptives suppress ovarian androgen production** , and
(2) ** Androgen receptor blockers block effect of androgen**s on the sebaceous gland (spironolactone, cyproterone, and flutamide)

72
Q

May cause headache, breast tenderness, nausea and depression; increased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and blood clots

A

hormonal therapy

73
Q

Oral retinoid for the treatment of moderate to severe acne that does not respond to other treatments

A

Isoretinoin

74
Q

Targets all major components in acne development, and may be used as monotherapy

A

Isoretinoin

75
Q

May cause dryness of the skin, eyes, mouth, lips, and nose; itching; nosebleeds; muscle aches; sun sensitivity; and poor night vision

A

Isoretinoin

76
Q

May increase levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood, and increase liver enzyme levels

A

Isoretinoin

77
Q

May cause malformation of developing fetus (teratogenic)

A

Isoretinoin

78
Q

has moderate growth inhibitory and bactericidal effect on Propionibacterium acnes

A

Glycolic acid

79
Q

squeezing with fingertips and using a comedone extractor

A

Comedo extraction

80
Q

Include broad-spectrum continuous-wave visible light, intense pulsed light, pulsed dye lasers, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and pulsed diode laser

A

optical therapies

81
Q

dietary restrictions

A

oily food, nuts, chocolates, dairy

82
Q

T/F: Efficacy of dietary restrictions as acne treatment is questionable

A

True

Cosmetics Lec - K (13 decks)

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