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2. EMI > human behaviours & communication > Flashcards

human behaviours & communication Flashcards

1
Q

Which form of unconscious bias is being described?

A cognitive process when negative attitudes or behaviours are attributed to someone based on one aspect of their appearance or character.

  • affinity bias
  • authority bias
  • confirmation bias
  • horns effect
  • gender bias
A

Horns Effect

Horns vs Halo - immediate negative attitudes based on negative traits vs positive impression from previous judgements.

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2
Q

Which form of unconscious bias is being described?

A possible cause of erroneous self-diagnosis.

  • affinity bias
  • authority bias
  • confirmation bias
  • horns effect
  • gender bias
A

Confirmation Bias - searching for and interpreting information which supports prior assumptions.

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3
Q

Which form of unconscious bias is being described?

A possible explanation of the outcome described in Milgram, S (1963). Behavioural study of obedience. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology.

  • affinity bias
  • authority bias
  • confirmation bias
  • horns effect
  • gender bias
A

Authority Bias.

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4
Q

Which form of unconscious bias is being described?

May account for the spread of belief within QAnon that Bill Gates is using the covid vaccination to microchip the population.

  • affinity bias
  • authority bias
  • confirmation bias
  • horns effect
  • gender bias
A

Affinity Bias - gravitating to others with similar beliefs.

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5
Q

Which form of unconscious bias is being described?

A reason why only one of the authors of ‘The antral Hormone Gastrin’ was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and awarded a CBE.

  • affinity bias
  • authority bias
  • confirmation bias
  • horns effect
  • gender bias
A

Gender Bias

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6
Q

Social Science Models

Made more difficult by the need to clearly identify patients with multimorbidity and to develop cost effective and specifically targeted interventions that can improve health outcomes.

  • biographical disruption
  • health belief model
  • health seeking behaviour
  • illness behaviour
  • stigma
A

Health Seeking Behaviour (Zola 1973)

any action or inaction undertaken by individuals who think they have a health problem in order to find an appropriate remedy.

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7
Q

Social Science Models

May lead to understanding-reporting of aspects of multimorbidity particularly when associated with depression.

  • biographical disruption
  • health belief model
  • health seeking behaviour
  • illness behaviour
  • stigma
A

Stigma (Goffman 1968)

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8
Q

Social Science Models

A way of evaluating the poor QoL, disability, functional decline and high health care costs that are major consequences of multimorbidity.

  • biographical disruption
  • health belief model
  • health seeking behaviour
  • illness behaviour
  • stigma
A

Biographical Disruption (Bury 1991)

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9
Q

Social Science Models

Future developments in this area to improve health outcomes must accommodate individuals who are already symptomatic.

  • biographical disruption
  • health belief model
  • health seeking behaviour
  • illness behaviour
  • stigma
A

Illness Behaviour (Mechanic 1978)

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10
Q

Social Science Models

May be employed, along with newer concepts, such as the ‘Behaviour Change Wheel’ to help individuals with multimorbidity manage the accompanying polypharmacy.

  • biographical disruption
  • health belief model
  • health seeking behaviour
  • illness behaviour
  • stigma
  • transtheoretical model
A

Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska and Di Climente 1983)

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11
Q

Behaviour Inventory

A web-based tool with 5 domains - social communication, restrictive and repetitive behaviours, mental health, self-regulation and challenging behaviour.

  • autism behaviour inventory
  • millon behavioural health inventory
  • millon clinical multiaxial inventory
  • wellness behaviours inventory
  • work behaviour inventory
A

Autism Behaviour Inventory

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12
Q

Behaviour Inventory

An inventory developed specifically for identifying the personality characteristics related to success and effectiveness.

  • autism behaviour inventory
  • millon behavioural health inventory
  • millon clinical multiaxial inventory
  • wellness behaviours inventory
  • work behaviour inventory
A

Work Behaviour Inventory

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13
Q

Behaviour Inventory

A true/false self-report measure designed to examine coping styles and personality features in patients with physical illnesses.

  • autism behaviour inventory
  • millon behavioural health inventory
  • millon clinical multiaxial inventory
  • wellness behaviours inventory
  • work behaviour inventory
A

Millon Behavioural Health Inventory

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14
Q

Behaviour Inventory

A psychological assessment tool intended to provide information on personality traits and psychopathology, including specific psychiatric disorders outlined in the DSM-5.

  • autism behaviour inventory
  • millon behavioural health inventory
  • millon clinical multiaxial inventory
  • wellness behaviours inventory
  • work behaviour inventory
A

Millon Clinical Multitaxial Inventory

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15
Q

Behaviour Inventory

A 12-item measure that assesses how often common health-promoting behaviours are performed.

  • autism behaviour inventory
  • millon behavioural health inventory
  • millon clinical multiaxial inventory
  • wellness behaviours inventory
  • work behaviour inventory
A

Wellness Behaviours Inventory

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16
Q

Healthcare Models

A framework that recognises that behaviour is shaped by factors at multiple levels: policy, community, organisational, interpersonal and individual.

  • health belief model
  • health promotion model
  • social cognitive theory
  • social ecology model
  • theory of planned behaviour change
A

Social Ecology Model

17
Q

Healthcare Models

Centres around the concept of ‘Reciprocal Determinism’ which refers to the dynamic and reciprocal interaction of person, environment and behaviour which maintenance of behaviour, rather than initiation is seen as a true indicator.

  • health belief model
  • health promotion model
  • social cognitive theory
  • social ecology model
  • theory of planned behaviour change
A

Social Cognitive Theory

18
Q

Healthcare Models

Comprised of 6 constructs (attitudes, behavioural intention, subjective norms, perceived power, perceived behavioural control) that collectively represents a person’s actual control over their behaviour.

  • health belief model
  • health promotion model
  • social cognitive theory
  • social ecology model
  • theory of planned behaviour change
A

Theory of Planned Behaviour Change

19
Q

Healthcare Models

Focuses on 3 areas: individual characteristics and experiences, behaviour-specific cognitions and affect, and behavioural outcomes and defines health as a positive dynamic state rather than simply the absence of disease.

  • health belief model
  • health promotion model
  • social cognitive theory
  • social ecology model
  • theory of planned behaviour change
A

Health Promotion Model

20
Q

Healthcare Models

E.g: cardiac patients perceiving a higher threat from their illness were less likely to drop a cardiac rehabilitation exercise program than were those patients who perceived less threat.

  • health belief model
  • health promotion model
  • social cognitive theory
  • social ecology model
  • theory of planned behaviour change
A

Health Belief Model

  1. perceived susceptibility
  2. perceived severity
  3. perceived benefits
  4. perceived barriers
  5. cues to action
  6. self-efficacy
21
Q

Model of Chronic Disease

Provides guidance for a shift from an acute, episodic health system focus to one that is required for effective chronic disease care.

  • chronic care model
  • improving care for chronic illness
  • innovation care for the chronic conditions
  • stanford model
  • transitional care model
A

Chronic Care Model

(the overall shift)

22
Q

Model of Chronic Disease

A model to integrate medical science with redesigned health care delivery systems so chronic patients in any setting can receive prompt diagnoses and care.

  • chronic care model
  • improving care for chronic illness
  • innovation care for the chronic conditions
  • stanford model
  • transitional care model
A

improving chronic illness care

23
Q

Model of Chronic Disease

Recognises the broader policy environment that involves patients, families, health care organisations and communities.

  • chronic care model
  • improving care for chronic illness
  • innovation care for the chronic conditions
  • stanford model
  • transitional care model
A

Innovative Care for the Chronic Conditions

24
Q

Model of Chronic Disease

Aims to provide participants with self-efficacy and skills required to optimally manage their chronic conditions regardless of specific diagnosis.

  • chronic care model
  • improving care for chronic illness
  • innovation care for the chronic conditions
  • stanford model
  • transitional care model
A

Stanford Model

25
Q

Model of Chronic Disease

Set of actions designed to ensure the coordination and continuity of healthcare as patients transfer between different locations of different levels of care within the same location.

  • chronic care model
  • improving care for chronic illness
  • innovation care for the chronic conditions
  • stanford model
  • transitional care model
A

Transitional Care Model

2. EMI (9 decks)

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