state-sponsored development of heavy industry

Question 1

Witte launched russia into an age of?

Answer 1

heavy industry
-believed that iron, coal and steel industries would form the basis for industrial development as they had done in Western European economies

Question 2

Witee used the railways as a springboard, how did he see them?

Answer 2

saw them as agents of civilisation and progress

Question 3

what would railways do?

Answer 3

would link up the vast spaces and the people,farms and factories of the moire
-would carry the products of new industry to market and raw materials to factories and industrial plants

Question 4

railways would help open up the new oil fields in?

Answer 4

the Caucasus, more distant areas could be opened up for the supply of food and grain to cities= encouraging more efficient farming

Question 5

what was Witte’s most famous project?

Answer 5

the trans-siberian railway across russia

Question 6

trans-Siberian railways across russia involved?

Answer 6

25 factories producing 39 million roubles worth of rails
-Other Russian manufacturers producing 1,500 locomotives and 30,000 wagons

Question 7

to achieve this, Witte invested millions of roubles of state money directly into?

Answer 7

the railways and heavy industry

Question 8

by 1899, the state bought almost how much of metallurgical production?

Answer 8

2/3

Question 9

state controlled how much of railways by 1899

Answer 9

70%