Elbow MMT

Question 1

what muscles are involved in elbow flexion

Answer 1

biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis

Question 2

how is the biceps brachii tested?

Answer 2

hand supinated

Question 3

how is the brachialis tested

Answer 3

hand pronated

Question 4

how is the brachioradialis tested

Answer 4

hand in neutral

Question 5

what is the gravity eliminated position for elbow flexion

Answer 5

patient seated with elbow supported on surface with shoulder abducted to 90

thumb toward chest = brachioradialis

thumb in the air = biceps brachii

thumb down = brachialis

Question 6

what muscles are involved in elbow extension

Answer 6

triceps brachii
anconeous

Question 7

what is the gravity eliminated test for elbow extension

Answer 7

same position as flexion, just begin elbow in flexed position

move thru extension with forearm supinated

Question 8

what muscles assist in supination

Answer 8

supinator
biceps brachii

Question 9

what is the resisted test for supination

Answer 9

arm by side
elbow flexed to 90 and pronated
passively go through supination and return to pronation
tell patient to go thru supination, resist it in the motion of pronation

Question 10

supination and pronation gravity eliminated

Answer 10

shoulder and elbow flexed to 90
supported on flat surface

princess wave

Question 11

what muscles assist in pronation

Answer 11

pronator quadratus
pronator teres

Question 12

what is the resisted test for pronation

Answer 12

same position for supination except the forearm is supinated to begin with
go through passive pronation and return to supination
ask the patient to flip their hand over and resist it in the motion of supination

Question 13

what muscles assist in wrist flexion

Answer 13

flexor carpi radialis
flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 14

what is the gravity resisted test for flexion

Answer 14

forearm supinated on flat surface
passively flexed and returned
patient told to bend their wrist
resistance applied across palm
stabilize at distal forearm

Question 15

how would flexor carpi radialis/ulnaris be differentiated

Answer 15

force applied to either radial or ulnar border of the wrist
patient could be asked to either radially or ulnarly deviate
- force would be applied toward extension and opposite deviation

Question 16

how is flexion/extension tested without gravity

Answer 16

patient seated with forearm and wrist in neutral and supported
patient either flexes or extends

Question 17

what muscles assist in wrist extension

Answer 17

extensor carpi radialis / brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris