Thorax: Right and left chambers of the heart

Question 1

Structure that separates the chambers of the heart?

Answer 1

Septa

Question 2

Three types of septa and what they separate?

Answer 2

Interatrial: separates atria.
Interventricular: separates ventricles.
Atrioventricular: separates the atria from the ventricles.

Question 3

Structures that the right atrium receives blood from?

Answer 3

-SVC, IVC, Coronary sinus opening, smallest cardiac veins and anterior cardiac veins.

Question 4

Opening that allows for the flow of blood from the right atrium to the right ventricles.

Answer 4

Right atrioventricular orifice.

Question 5

Valves found between the right atrium and ventricle?

Answer 5

Tricuspid valve

Question 6

Structures that marks the division of the spaces of the right atrium? (2)

Answer 6

-Sulcus terminalis (externally)
-Crista terminalis (internally)

Question 7

A depression in the right atrium that is a remnant of foramen ovale?

Answer 7

Fossa ovalis

Question 8

Another name for infundibulum?

Answer 8

Conus arteriosus

Question 9

Numerous, irregular muscular structures found in the walls of the right ventricle?

Answer 9

Trabeculae carneae

Question 10

Tendon-like fibrous cords connected to free edges of cusps of tricuspid valve?

Answer 10

Chordae tendineae

Question 11

Muscles attached to the chordae tendineae?

Answer 11

Papillary muscles

Question 12

Three types of papillary muscles found in the right ventricle?

Answer 12

Anterior, posterior and septal papillary muscles.

Question 13

A bridge between the lower portion of interventricular septum and the
base of anterior papillary muscle?

Answer 13

Septomarginal trabeculum

Question 14

Three cusps of the right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid) ?

Answer 14

Anterior, posterior and septal cusps.

Question 15

Three types of pulmonary cusps?

Answer 15

Left, anterior, and right pulmonary cusps.

Question 16

The superior edge of:
A. Anterior pulmonary cusp
B. Right pulmonary cusp

Answer 16

A. Nodule
B. Lunule

Question 17

Space found in the pulmonary cusps?

Answer 17

Pulmonary sinus

Question 18

Opening that allows for the flow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricles.

Answer 18

Left atrioventricular orifice

Question 19

How many papillary muscles do we have in the left ventricle?

Answer 19

Two, anterior and posterior.

Question 20

Outflow tract in the left ventricle?

Answer 20

Aortic vestibule

Question 21

Two parts of the interventricular septum of the left ventricle?

Answer 21

-Muscular part: Thick, lower part.
-Membranous part: thin, upper part.

Question 22

Three semilunar cusps of the aortic valve

Answer 22

Left, right and posterior cusps.

Question 23

The superior edges of the:
A. Posterior cusp
B. Left cusp

Answer 23

A. Lunule
B. Nodule

Question 24

Three sinuses of the aortic valves

Answer 24

Left, right and posterior aortic sinus.

Question 25

Which other structures do we have in the left and right aortic sinuses?

Answer 25

Left- Opening for left coronary artery.
Right- Opening for right coronary artery.

Question 26

Compartments of the cardiac conduction system in chronological order.

Answer 26

• Sinu-atrial node
• Atrioventricular node
• Atrioventricular bundle (bundle of his)
• Bundle branches
• Purkinje fibers

Question 27

Cardiac innervation:
A. Sympathetic innervation
B. Parasympathetic innervation

Answer 27

A. Sympathetic trunk
B. Vagus nerves

Question 28

Foetal structures which enabled the blood to bypass the pulmonary circulation? (2)

Answer 28

Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus