Distinctive Landscapes Flashcards
What is igneous rocks and examples?
- Produced when magma cools
- Granite
What is sedimentary rocks and examples?
- Made from the skeletons of marine organisms at the bottom of the ocean
- Chalk
What is metamorphic rocks and examples?
- Heat and pressure on existing igneous or sedimentary rocks changes structure
- Slate
Features of Coniferous Forests:
- Trees are evergreen and grow apart
- Trees are conical shaped with needle shaped leaves
- Trees are found in large groups
Features of Deciduous Forests:
- Broad leaves
- Drops the leaves in autumn
What is a destructive wave?
- Weak swash and strong backwash
- Strong backwash removes sediment
- Waves are steep
What is a constructive wave?
- Strong swash
- Weak backwash
- String swash brings sediment
- Cannot remove the sediment, backwash is too weak
What is freeze-thaw weathering?
- Water enters the cracks in the rock
- When temperatures drops, the water freezes and expands causing the crack to widen
- Ice melts and water makes its way deeper into the rock.
- Repeats until the rock splits entirely
What is biological weathering?
- Plant roots can get into small rocks
- As the roots grow, the cracks become larger
- Causes small pieces of rock to break away.
What is rockfall?
Bits of rock fall of the cliff-face because of freeze-thaw weathering
What is mudflow?
Saturated soil flows down a slope
What is landslides?
Large blocks of rock slides downhill
What is rotational slip?
Saturated soil slumps down a curved surface
What is hydraulic action?
Waves smash against the cliff. Air becomes trapped and compressed into cracks in the rock with explosive force causing the rock to break apart
What is abrasion?
This is when pebbles grind along a rock platform or cliff base much like sandpaper. Over time the rock becomes smooth.
