Co-evolution

Question 1

What is the definition of co-evolution?

Answer 1

The process by which two or more species evolve in response to selection pressures imposed by each other

Question 2

What does the change in the trait of one species do to others?

Answer 2

It acts as a selection pressure on the other species

Question 3

Where is co-evolution frequently seen?

Answer 3

In pairs of species that have symbiotic interactions

Question 4

What is an example of co-evolution?

Answer 4

Humming birds have beaks that evolved to allow them to drink from a certain kind of flower. In return the flower species it feeds from has evolved to produce nectar especially tasty to hummingbirds

Question 5

What is the definition of symbiosis?

Answer 5

Co-evolved intimate relationships between members of two different species

Question 6

How can the impacts of symbiotic relationships effect the individuals involved?

Answer 6

It can be positive, negative or neutral

Question 7

What are the different types of symbiotic interactions?

Answer 7

Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism

Question 8

What is the definition of mutualism?

Answer 8

Both organisms are interdependent on each other for resources or other services. As both organisms gain from the relationship, the interaction is (+/+). An example of this would be clown fish and anemones

Question 9

What is the definition of commensalism?

Answer 9

Only one of the organisms benefit (+/0). An example of this is cattle egrets follow cattle herds eating the insects disturbed by the moving cattle, the cattle gain no benefit.

Question 10

What is the definition of parasitism?

Answer 10

Parasite benefit in terms of energy or nutrients and the host is harmed as the result of the loss of these resources (+/-). An example of this is mosquitos and humans

Question 11

What does the red queen hypothesis state?

Answer 11

It states that in a co-evolutionary relationship, change in the traits of one species can act as a selection pressure on the other species. This means that species in the these relationships must adapt to avoid extinction

Question 12

What is an example of the red queen hypothesis?

Answer 12

Plants develop toxins to kill caterpillars. Caterpillars will die off but some will survive who are immune. The plant then has to evolve more toxins to overcome the caterpillars