Week 1 - Taste and Smell

Question 1

Frenulum - What, where and function

Answer 1

What: Small fold of skin
Where: Bottom of tongue
Function: Restricts movement of a mobile body part

Question 2

Lingual tonsils - What, where and function

Answer 2

What:
Where: Base of tongue anterior to epiglottis
Function: Part of the immune system, can produce all 5 antibody classes

Question 3

Palatine tonsils - What, where and function

Answer 3

What:
Where: Either side of lateral wall of oropharynx
Function: Act as defense against pathogens

Question 4

Circumvallate papillae - What, where and function

Answer 4

What:
Where: Found on the dorsum of tongue, inverted V-shaped row
Function: Contains 100-300 taste buds

Question 5

Fungiform - What, where and function

Answer 5

What: Large, red, mushroom shaped
Where: Mainly on sides and apex of tongue
Function: Contain about 5 taste buds

Question 6

Filiform papillae - what, where and function

Answer 6

What: “Hair”like structures
Where: Found all over the tongue
Function: Tactile receptors, increase friction between tongue and food; makes easier to manipulate the bolus; NO taste buds

Question 7

“structures containing taste buds(name at least 3)”

Answer 7

Tongue
Laryngopharynx
Oropharynx

Question 8

Pathway of smell

Answer 8

Molecules of substance get inhaled, most are caught by protective nose hairs
Some make it through and reach the olfactory epithelium
This contains millions of olfactory sensory neurons
Molecules then dissolve in the mucus that coats the epithelium
Neurons fire action potentials up axons, through ethmoid bone, into olfactory bulb in brain

Question 9

Taste Pathway

Answer 9

Impulses go from receptors in taste buds to the facial nerve (VII), glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) and Vagus nerve (X)
Then to solitary nucleus in medulla oblongata and thalamic nucleus