L18 - Abdominal Viscera II - Large Intestine and Venous Drainage

Question 1

Cecum

Answer 1

• blind-ended pouch
• covered in peritoneum but no mesentery
• ileocecal (ileocolic) lavle… 1-way

Question 2

Vermiform Appendix

Answer 2

• 8-10cm long
• aggregations of lymphoid tissue
• no longer necessary - more trouble than functional
• suspended by the mesoappendix (houses A/V)
• variable positions: retrocecal, retrocolic, pelvic

Question 3

Vermiform Appendix - McBurney’s Point

Answer 3

• point on anterior abdominal wall that is the lateral 1/3 of the distance from the ASIS to umbilicus
• dull P and tender on palpation with inflamed - doctor’s visit, possible Sx
• sharp and intense pain - ambulance, life threatneing

Question 4

Colon - four parts

Answer 4

• ascending - right upper
• transverse
• descending - left upper
• sigmoid (pelvic)

Question 5

Colon other two parts?

Answer 5

• left colic flexure (splenic)
• right colic flexure (hepatic)

Question 6

Colon: features (3)

Answer 6

• teniae coli (singular tenia)
• haustra (singular haustrum)
• epiploic appendages

Question 7

Muscular components of colon

Answer 7

• taeniae coli
• haustra

Question 8

taeniae coli

Answer 8

• 3 longitudinal bands of smooth muscle that run along the outer layer of the entire colon

Question 9

haustra

Answer 9

• series of pouches in the wall of the colon
• created by muscle tone in taeniae coli
• permit expansion and elongation of colon

Question 10

Peritoneal coverings of the colon: Mesocolon

Answer 10

• Complete covering
• partial covering
• mesoappendix

Question 11

Complete covering

Answer 11

transverse & sigmoid mesocolon (intraperitoneal)

Question 12

partial covering

Answer 12

ascending, descedning & rectal mesocolons (retroperitoneal)

Question 13

mesoappendix

Answer 13

• connects appendix t ileum and cecum

Question 14

Large intenstine: blood supply - superior mesenteric artery:

Answer 14

-ilecolic
- right colic
- middle colic (rememeber MRI)

Question 15

Large intenstine: blood supply - inferior mesenteric artery:

Answer 15

• left colic
• sigmoidal
• superior rectal (hemorrhoidal)
  (rememeber: I Love Singing Songs)

Question 16

Large intenstine: blood supply - Marginal artery of Drummnd

Answer 16

anastomoses between right, middle and left colic arteries
- key for collateral circulation or alternative supply

Question 17

Parts of the pancreas

Answer 17

• tail
• body
• neck
• head
• uncinate process

Question 18

Large intestine: Venous Drainage

Answer 18

• splenic vein
  
  • hilum of spleen - posterior to tail and body of pancrease - join superior msenteric vein
• drains: spleen, lower esophagus, part of stomach and pancreas
• superior mesenteric vein
  
  • ascends in root of the mesentery - pass anterior to 3rd part of duodenum (transverse) - joins splenic vein posterior to neck of pancreas
• drains: areas suplied by the SMA
• inferior mesenteric vein
  
  • ascends on left posterior abdominal wall - join splenic vein posterior to pancreas
• drains: areas supplied by the IMA

Question 19

The splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein unite to become the ____ _____ _____

Answer 19

hepatic portal vein

Question 20

what does the Hepatic portal vein do?

Answer 20

carries nutrients from digestive tract to the liver

Question 21

What is portosystemic obstruction and what are some common causes?

Answer 21

• the result of obstructed venous return to the liver
• thrombosis, liver cirrhosis, heart failure

Question 22

Comopnets of the foregut

Answer 22

• esophagus
• stomach
• liver
• gallbladder
• bile ducts
• pancreas
• proximal duodenum

Question 23

components of the midgut

Answer 23

• distal duodenum
• jejunum
• ileum
• cecum
• appendix
• ascending colon
• proximal 2/3 transverse colon

Question 24

components of the hindgut

Answer 24

• distal 1/3 transverse colon
• descedning colon
• sigmoid colon
• upper anal canal