6. PRINCIPLES OF THERAPY IN CHILDHOOD

Question 1

The absorption of _____ drugs like _________ are increased

The absorption of _______
drugs like __________ are decreased

Answer 1

Acid-lablie
Penicllin, ampicillin

Weak organic acid
Phenobarbital, phenytoin

Question 2

The younger you are, the more your water remains in the ______ space

Answer 2

extracellular

45% is extracellular in neonates compared to 20-30% in adults

-> particularly affects drugs with extracellular distribution such as aminoglycosides

Question 3

Lipophilic drugs have ______ effects on CNS in smaller patients

Answer 3

enhanced

Question 4

Infants have ____ drug-binding proteins

Answer 4

lower

Question 5

CYP450 enzymes have ______ activity at birth

Answer 5

lower

Question 6

GFR is ______ in neonates, then rises ro reach adult levels at ______

Answer 6

lower
5-12 months

Question 7

In children and adolescents with mature renal function a dosing interval of _____ allows acievement and maintenence of therapeutic plasma concentrations, while in neonates and in early infancy a dosing interval of ______ is required

Answer 7

6-8 hours
18-24 hours

Question 8

For drugs with mainly __________ body surface area calculations are performed

Answer 8

extracellular

Question 9

Is the transdermal absorption increased or decreased in infants?

Answer 9

Due to higher hydration of skin stratum corneum transdermal absorption in very young infants is increased