7. BIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION IN NEONATAL PERIOD

Question 1

First stage of extrauterine life:

Answer 1

● First stage occurs in the first 30 mins of life; infant is alert and response with HR 160-180 bpm and then stabilizes to a baseline rate of 100-120 bpm
● Crackles upon auscultation and irregular respirations are a normal finding

Question 2

Second stage of extrauterine life:

Answer 2

● In the second stage, there is a decrease in responsiveness and motor activity which often manifests as sleep: can last from 1-2 hours

Question 3

Third stage of extrauterine life:

Answer 3

● The third stage marks the second period of reactivity: can occur anywhere in the first 2 to 8 hours after birth and lasts anywhere from 10 mins to several hours
● Tachycardia and tachypnea may be present
● Passing of meconium also occurs

Question 4

How long does it take for ductus arteriosus to close?

Answer 4

• Functional closure occurs within the first 24 hours -> permanent closure occurs following 4 weeks

Question 5

Newborn heart rate?

Blood pressure?

Answer 5

110-160bpm

60-80
40-50

Question 6

Infant respiratory rate:

Answer 6

30-60 breaths per minute

• acrocyanosis is normal

Question 7

Normal blood-glucose levels:

Answer 7

40-50mg/dl