oral cavity and esophagus

Question 1

digestive process

Answer 1

chemical process of it begins in the mouth

Question 2

the areas of the oral cavity

Answer 2

oral vestibule
oral cavity proper

Question 3

oral vestibule

Answer 3

upper lip—> upper teeth
lower lip—> lower teeth

Question 4

associated structures with oral vestibule

Answer 4

• superior labial frenulum (attach lip to gums)
• inferior labial frenulum
• gingivae

Question 5

borders of the oral cavity proper

Answer 5

superior:
- hard palate
- soft palate

inferior:
- tongue

posterior:
- palatoglossal arch
- palatopharyngeal arch

Question 6

associated structures with the oral cavity proper

Answer 6

uvula
palatine tonsils
lingual frenulum

Question 7

organs associated with oral cavity

Answer 7

salivary glands
- parotid gland
- submandibular gland
- sublingual gland
- minor glands

Question 8

salivary glands

Answer 8

mucous (lubrication)
serous (enzyme-containing)
or seromucous

Question 9

parotid gland

Answer 9

• found anterior to ears
• between masseter and skin
• stensons ducts opens behind second upper molar- SEROUS
• cranial nerve IX

Question 10

submandibular gland

Answer 10

• inferior to mandible and in between digastric muscles
• Wharton’s ducts open lateral to lingual frenulum SEROMUCOUS
• cranial nerve VII

Question 11

sublingual gland

Answer 11

• floor of oral cavity inferior to tongue
• Bartholin’s ducts connects with Wharton’s ducts MUCOUS
• cranial nerve VII

Question 12

choose the correct statement
a. the parotid gland is a mucous producing gland
b. Stenson duct open anterior to the 2nd upper molar
c. cranial nerve IX supplies the sublingual gland
d. cranial nerve IX supplies the parotid gland

Answer 12

d.

Question 13

tongue

Answer 13

• lingual tonsil (immune system)
• foliate papillae (taste buds)
• fungiform papillae (taste buds)
• filiform papillae (NO taste buds)
• circumvallate papillae (taste buds)

Question 14

innervation of the tongue (taste)

Answer 14

CN X
CN IX (post 1/3 tongue)
CN VII (chorda tympani)

Question 15

innervation of the tongue (general sensation)

Answer 15

CN X
CN IX
CN V3

Question 16

choose the INCORRECT statement
a. the oral cavity proper is bound by the teeth anteriorly and arch posteriorly

b. cranial nerve VII supplies taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

c. cranial nerve IX supplies sensation and taste to the epiglottis

d. cranial nerve XII provides motor innervation to the tongue

Answer 16

c.

Question 17

general anatomy of teeth

Answer 17

root
neck
crown

Question 18

details of the teeth

Answer 18

• dentin
• periodontal ligaments
• apical foramen
• alveolar bone
• pulp cavity
• enamel

Question 19

types of teeth

Answer 19

molar (crush)
premolar (grinding)
canine (sheading)
incisor (slicing)

Question 20

deciduous teeth (baby teeth)

Answer 20

per quadrant
- 2 incisors
- 1 canine
- 2 molars

Question 21

permanent teeth (adult teeth)

Answer 21

per quadrant
- 2 incisors
- 1 canine
- 2 premolars
- 3 molars

Question 22

why do we need teeth

Answer 22

increases digestive surface area
(mechanical digestion)
- work in conjunction with saliva to begin the process of digestion in the mouth

Question 23

esophagus anatomy

Answer 23

thoracic- posterior to trachea and aorta
- enters abdomen at T10
(esophageal hiatus)
- joins stomach at cardiac orifice
- superior portion (voluntary)
- inferior parts autonomic control
- has two sphincters

Question 24

mechanism of swallowing

Answer 24

3 stages
- oral
- pharyngeal
- esophageal

Question 25

oral phase

Answer 25

• food is broken down mechanically and chemically
• bolus is moved posteriorly until it reaches oropharynx
• voluntary

Question 26

pharyngeal phase

Answer 26

• soft palate and epiglottis close – breathing stops
• pharyngeal constrictors move bolus inferiorly until it reaches the upper esophageal sphincter
• autonomic

Question 27

esophageal phase

Answer 27

• bolus passes through upper esophageal sphincter
• peristalsis
• bolus passes through lower esophageal sphincter into stomach