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anat 316 > Abdominopelvic viscera > Flashcards

Abdominopelvic viscera Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the spleen?

A

filtration of redblood cells to remove old larger deformed cells and prevention of infection

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2
Q

Is the spleen intra or retro peritoneal?

A

intraperitoneal

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3
Q

Where is the spleen?

A

left upper quadrant of the abdomen, btw ribs 9-11 at midaxillary line

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4
Q

What is below the spleen?

A

the large intestine and the kidney

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5
Q

What is medial to the spleen?

A

the stomach

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6
Q

What are the 4 surfaces of the spleen?

A

posterior - diaphragmatic area
superior - gastric area
anterior - colic area
inferior - renal

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7
Q

what supplies blood to the spleen?

A

splenic artery

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8
Q

what does the splenic artery look like?

A

curly

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9
Q

What drains the spleen?

A

the splenic vein

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10
Q

What does the splenic vein look like?

A

it is straight

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11
Q

what is the superior area of the spleen?

A

the gastric area

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12
Q

what is the inferior area of the spleen?

A

renal area

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13
Q

What is the anterior area of the spleen

A

the colic area

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14
Q

what is the splenogastric ligament

A

ligament that connects gastric area of spleen to stomach

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15
Q

what is the splenorenal ligament

A

ligament that connects renal area to the left kidney

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16
Q

What is the hilum of the spleen?

A

area that contains the splenogastric ligament, the splenorenal ligament, and has a pocket for the tail of the pancreas

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17
Q

What are the kidneys?

A

retroperitoneal organs that produce urine

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18
Q

What is the function of the kidneys?

A

urine production, regulation of blood ion composition, regulation of blood pH, regulation of blood volume and pressure, production of hormones, regulation of blood glucose, excretion of wastes and foreign substances

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19
Q

What are the four protective coverings of the kidney?

A

perirenal fat, renal capsule, renal fascia, and pararenal fat

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20
Q

What does perirenal fat do?

A

protects kidney from trauma, holds kidney in place

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21
Q

what does the renal capsule do?

A

fibrous capsule made out of connective tissue that surroudns superficial kidney

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22
Q

what does renal fascia do?

A

anchors kidney to surrounding structures and abdominal wall

23
Q

What does pararenal fat do?

A

most superficial layer of fat, thinner than perirenal fat

24
Q

what is the blood supply to the kidney

A

renal artery

25
Q

where does the renal artery stem from

A

abdominal aorta

26
Q

What drains the kidneys?

A

renal veins

27
Q

where do renal veins drain into?

A

IVC

28
Q

which renal artery is longer - right or left?

A

right renal artery

29
Q

Which renal vein is longer?

A

left renal vein

30
Q

why is left renal vein longer?

A

because it drains into IVC and the IVC is on the right side

31
Q

Why is the right renal artery longer?

A

because blood from the abdominal aorta flows into it and the abdominal aorta is on the left side

32
Q

where is the hilum of the kidney

A

on the medial kidney

33
Q

What does the hilum of the kidney contain?

A

renal artery, renal vein, and ureter

34
Q

the ureter connects ___ to ____

A

the kidney to the urinary bladder

35
Q

What are the 2 main components of the kidney?

A

the cortex and the medulla

36
Q

What is the cortex of the kidney

A

the outer component of the kidney and the main filtering area of the kidney

37
Q

What is the medulla of the kidney

A

many column and tubes of the kidney - urine production begins here

38
Q

what is the renal papilla?

A

the apex of the renal pyramid

39
Q

What do minor calyx do?

A

they act as tubes that gather urine from renal pyramids and form major calyx so urine flows to the ureter

40
Q

what is the pathway of urine from the renal pyramid to the ureter?

A

renal pyramid
renal papilla
minor calyx
major calyx
renal pelvis
ureter

41
Q

what are adrenal glands?

A

also known as suprarenal glands, they are endocrine organs that produce hormones

42
Q

where are adrenal glands locacted?

A

directly superior to kidneys

43
Q

what kind of organs are adrenal glands?

A

retroperitoneal

44
Q

What is the function of the adrenal gland?

A

produce adrenaline, cortisol, and aldosterone

45
Q

what are the 3 inner layers of the cortex

A

zona glomerulosa (most superficial), zona fasciculate, zona reticularis

46
Q

what does the zona glomerulosa form?

A

minerala corticoid

47
Q

What does the zona fasciculate do?

A

secrete glucose corticoids (ie cortisol)

48
Q

what does the zona reticularis do?

A

synthesize weak anthrogens

49
Q

what supplies blood to the adrenal gland?

A

superior suprarenal arteries, middle suprarenal arteries, and inferior suprarenal artery

50
Q

where does the superior suprarenal artery come from?

A

inferior phrenic artery (coming off abdominal aorta)

51
Q

where does the middle suprarenal artery come from?

A

abdominal aorta

52
Q

where does the inferior suprarenal artery come from

A

the renal artery (this comes off the abdominal aorta)

53
Q

where does the right suprarenal vein drain into?

A

the IVC

54
Q

Where does the left suprarenal vein drain into?

A

left renal vein and then into IVC

anat 316 (22 decks)

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