27/3 Flashcards
What T scores are related with osteopenia, osteoporosis or severe osteoporosis?
Osteopenia - -1 - -2.5
Osteoporosis -2.5
Severe osteoporosis -2.5 +1 or more fragility fractures
What are the blood results like in osteoporosis?
Bloods are normal - condition caused by reduced bone density
How often should you get DEXA scans if taking bisphosphonates?
Every 5 years
What skin change might you find in Grave’s disease?
Red rough patches on shins - pretibial myxoedema
What meds are taken in hyperthyroidism?
What must be checked for?
Propylthiouracil (1st trimester of Pregnancy P=P)
Carbimazole - rest of time
- check for agranulocytosis
How is thyroid storm managed?
IV propranolol (symptom control)
Propylthiouracil (inhibits action of T4 and T3)
Hydrocortisone (stops the conversion of T4 -> T3 (active form))
What med is notorious for causing hyperthyroidism?
Amiodarone (contains iodine in it)
What test is used as an initial screen and the confirmation test in acromegaly?
Surgery is how it is fully managed, what med can be given to reduce tumour tho?
Initial - insulin-growth factor 1
Confirm - oral glucose tolerance test - should suppress GH (if fails to suppress = acromegaly)
Sandostatin (somatostatin analogue - somatostatin inhibits GH)
What are the 3 types of MEN linked with?
What will almost all pts with MEN2a/b get?
MEN1 = 3Ps
Pituitary
Parathyroid
Pancreatic
MEN2a = 2Ps
Phaemocromocytoma
Parathyroid hyperplasia
MEN2b = 1P
Phaemocromocytoma
MEN 2 = 2 = 2 kidneys = phaemocromocytoma
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
What type of MEN will present with neuromas and can cause tongue swelling?
MEN2b
2b or not 2b - affects speech
What MEN is associated with marfans like build?
MEN2b
What advice should be given when taking levothyroxine?
30 mins before breakfast and any other tablets - absorbed in the jejunum and ileum and PPIs/calcium/iron etc. can impact absorption
