Management and leadership

Question 1

What is leadership

Answer 1

The ability to influence and direct people in order to meet the goals of a group

Question 2

What is management

Answer 2

The process through which company resources are used and decisions are made in order to meet the objectives of the firm

Question 3

Who are leaders

Answer 3

Those that can inspire and motivate people to meet objectives

Question 4

Who are managers

Answer 4

Those who set objectives and decide how to go about achieving them

Question 5

What are the roles of managers

Answer 5

Leading, making decisions and reviewing

Question 6

What is management by objectives

Answer 6

A management technique aimed to increase motivation by sharing the overall business objective between groups of employees so that everyone has departmental targets that will contribute to the overall success of the business

Question 7

What are the advantages of MBO

Answer 7

Provides a clear focus for all managers and employees, gives a sense of belonging and worth and everyone is focused on the same goal

Question 8

What are the disadvantages of MBO

Answer 8

Time consuming process to set, monitor and review objectives, workers may feel demotivated if objectives are unrealistic

Question 9

Describe theory X managers according to McGreggor

Answer 9

Assumes that workers are inherently lazy and therefor must be coerced to work (The stick approach)

Question 10

Describe theory Y managers according to McGreggor

Answer 10

Assumes that workers are motivated to work by a desire to achieve higher order needs as identified at the top of Maslow’s hierarchy

Question 11

What assumptions do theory X managers make

Answer 11

Workers are lazy, motivated by money, work for personal gain not business benefit and need to be closely supervised

Question 12

What assumptions do theory Y managers make

Answer 12

Workers can enjoy work, motivated by different needs, should be given responsibility and should be given autonomy over their working practices and environment

Question 13

Describe autocratic leaders

Answer 13

The leader makes a decision without consultation

Question 14

Describe democratic leaders

Answer 14

The leader consults the team but makes the final decision

Question 15

Describe paternalistic leaders

Answer 15

The leads act in a fatherly way towards the workforce, making decisions based on the needs of the workforce as well as the business

Question 16

Describe bureaucratic leaders

Answer 16

Leadership is based on a formal hierarchy and the strict following of rules and procedures

Question 17

Describe Laissez-Faire leaders

Answer 17

The leader allows the team to make decisions

Question 18

Describe Fielders contingency model

Answer 18

There is no one style of leadership that is best, it depends on the context, leadership style and the situation need to be considered, step one is identifying a leaders fixed style and step two is the level of trust in the team

Question 19

What are the skills required for leadership

Answer 19

Formal communication, admin, planning, stress management (self and others) and interpersonal skills