Zoella

Question 1

Characteristics of web 1.0

Answer 1

Definition:
The second stage of internet, characterised by more user-generated content.
- Podcasting
* Read-only
* One directional
* Millions of users
* Forums
* Owning content

Question 2

characteristics of web 2.0

curran = Guantlett

Answer 2

• Global access
• Content created by others
• Blogs/wiki
• Interactive advertisements
• Billions of users
• Mobile access
• Guantlellt:
• The web has made it possible for everyday people to share their creativity
• Web 2.0 invited users to play
• A move away from ‘sit back and be told’ culture, towards more of a ‘making and doing’ culture
• Every year more and more people are writing blogs, participating in online discussions, sharing information, music, and photos, and uploading videos

Question 3

more About Zoella

Answer 3

• Real name Zoe Sugg, is a British social media influencer, youtuber, where she creates content related to beauty, fashion and lifestyles.
• her first vlog to YouTube on February 2009, haul on Primark.
• Zoella’s first vlog was primarily about her daily life, similar to a diary entry, where she talked about her plans for the day and what she was currently doing. Fashion and beauty
• original target audience:
• Age: Primarily teenagers and young adults.
  
  • Gender: Predominantly female.
  • Ethnicity: Her content appealed to a diverse audience, but primarily targeted English-speaking viewers.
  • Socio-economic class: Middle to upper-middle class.
  • Psychographic profiles: Individuals interested in beauty, fashion, lifestyle, and relatable content.

Question 4

Which social media platforms does Zoella utilise?

Answer 4

• YouTube: Zoella’s main platform, As of last update, she had over 11 million subscribers. -
  
  • Instagram: Zoella shares photos and updates with her audience. = quicker access, get her revunue from has 9 million followers. she has GC for her fans to share her relatable content KNOWN AS CONVERGENCE
  • Facebook: Zoella likely has a presence on Facebook, where she may share content and updates with her audience, but specific subscriber numbers may vary.
  • Homogeneity of content to showcase continuity between converging media forms

Question 5

How did Zoella rebrand her image and diversify her brand appeal?

Answer 5

• Expanding beyond beauty and fashion content to include lifestyle topics such as home decor, travel, and personal development.
• High end-luxury brands= consumeristic culture, commodities
  
  • Launching her own product lines, including beauty products, stationery, and homeware, which appealed to a broader audience beyond her YouTube channel.
  • Collaborating with other influencers and celebrities in various industries to reach new demographics and expand her brand’s reach.
  • Sharing more personal and relatable content, including her struggles with anxiety and mental health, which resonated with a wider audience and humanized her brand.

Question 6

How did she cater and appeal to them through her earlier vlogs

Answer 6

• Sharing personal experiences and stories that her audience could relate to.
• Offering beauty and fashion tips that were accessible and budget-friendly.
• Incorporating humour and authenticity to connect with her viewers emotionally.
  CONTENT:
• Highly feminised
• Feminine body language
• In binary opposition to Alfie and Joe
• Soft pastel colours
• Life quotes in peach metallic
• Make-up and hair

Question 7

VLOGS/BLOGS

Production, Distribution, Exchange

Answer 7

definition:
Production: the process of creating a media text
Distribution: how the product is delivered to audiences, including the marketing campaign.
Exchange: the means by which the audience can experience the product

• Audiences no longer passive consumers but active participants in media products
• Media products therefore require more active features.= Sharing, comments, likes, personalisation.
• New forms of media emerge – the blog and vlog – the podcast, etc.
• Proliferation (growth) of hardware means anyone can create media products
• More variety and diversity in media products – more specialised and niche content.

Question 8

How can we use these texts (zoella/attitudes) as examples of the internet’s democratising force?

Answer 8

• The rise of Web 2.0 and the proliferation of interactivity on the World Wide Web in the late 90’s / early 2000’s.
• Not only can anyone access the internet – but anyone can publish on it.
• The rise of social media are significant moments in the history of the internet.
• The democratisation of media – the end of audience – the rise of the prosumer.

Question 9

Product context

Answer 9

• Zoe Elizabeth Sugg, 30
• Partner: Alfie Deyes (creator of PointlessBlog)
• Job before Vlog: apprentice interior designer
• Products: launched range of beauty products with brand name ‘Zoella Beauty’ in 2014
• Main YouTube channel: Zoella (mostly fashion, beauty hauls, favourites videos, with second channel MoreZoella (now called Zoe Sugg) with everyday style vlogs.
• Official website: used her platform to publish written blogs, references to YouTube vlogs.
• Awards – despite falling subscribers, Zoella has won multiple awards” Teen Choice Award, etc
• Author: four novels aimed at Young Adult demographic detailing the life of a fictitious female blogger – works with an editorial team and a ghostwriter through her publisher, Penguin Books.

Question 10

her videos

Answer 10

• Most viewed Zoella YouTube vlogs:- guest appearance with Miranda Sings- life story vlogs- vlogs with boyfriend Alfie and brother Joe- make-up and fashion vlog- challenge vlogs- seasonal vlogs
• ‘my everday makeup routine’
• ‘halloween and house prep’
• ‘The Zoella Apartment’ - her brand represents domesticity, traditional values suggest housewives, hyperreal of products smelling baked cupcakes e.g. diffusers, socks, cozy fluffy and warm, pillow nate ‘naps fix everything’

Question 11

Textual Analysis
Zoella apartment

Answer 11

• Direct mode of address – majority of shots are close-ups, opening sequence (diary vlog conventions - set at home at the start of the day), selfie stick filming, handheld POV shots, conversational presenting, informal banter with boyfriend Alfie (PointlessBlog)
• Lifestyle – Ideal home design with a tableau of Zoella products (relates to her interior design career past)
• Commodity fetishism – slogans (naps fix everything)
• ‘Z’ branded Christmas tree, shower gel, notes books.
• Informal style – laughing with friends in a bath full of soft play balls, Alfie and Zoella cuddling up on the show home bed (intimate perspective of vlog).
• Synergy – products available in Boots, Superdrug (Zoella gives a special shout-out to Boots as an endorsement).

Question 12

textual analysis - my everyday makeup routie,

Answer 12

• Direct mode of address – candid style (sneezes on camera/early morning/just woken up look), static close-up shot, high-key lighting, jump cut editing (elliptical edits).
• Setting - sat on the end of her bed, fairy lights in the background (shallow focus).
• Fashion – braided hair, triangular heart-style earrings, stripy blue/white shirt, necklace.
• Make-up routine products – foundation (Rimmel lasting finish), concealer (Urban Decay naked skin concealer/Collection Lasting Perfection Concealer).
• Non-diegetic S/T – soothing, melodic instrumental tones.

Question 13

vlogging conventions

Answer 13

• Conventional camera technique – single camera set up, medium close ups, direct address, filmed by the vlogger
• Hand-held camera – amateur feel
• POV shots
• Lighting set up - soft box or ring lights, high key lighting, looks more professional
• Audience interaction – leave a comment, share this, subscribe button (active audience theory)
• Direct mode of address – personal pronouns
• Unscripted
  * Effortless aesthetic
  * Codes of realism
• Collaboration with other vloggers or bloggers

Question 14

Parasocial interactions

Answer 14

Conversational give and take between a media user and a media persona
* Informal
* Colloquialisms
* Slang
* Direct address e.g. “you guys”
* Immature and silly behaviour
* Best friend character

Question 15

Key terms

Answer 15

• Sanitised story content: Content that avoids controversy, taboo language or material that may cause offence
• Single camera edit: filmed with just one camera – usually very quickly
• Everyday mise-en-scène: Using costume, make-up and sets that appear natural
• Narrative currency: Stories that are updated – that discuss items that are up to date
• Amateur aesthetic: A deliberately non-professional filming style
• Breaking the fourth wall: Where the presenter addresses the audience directly
• Candid imagery: Photographs that aren’t posed
• Confessional narrative: Giving the audience access to inner thoughts – also allowing the audience to experience inner doubts and worries

Question 16

BRAND IDENTITY

Answer 16

• Authentic insight into the personal worlds of Alfie and Zoella
• Best friend character
• Human connections with the youth audiences
• Narratives that deal in honesty
• Innocent presenter style
• Cheery high-key lighting
• Wholesome values

Question 17

How has the website been constructed to communicate messages about Zoella’s brand identity?

Answer 17

• Zoella’s homepage denotes the use of white space and a grid layout. This connotes a clean and professional feel to the page and signifies that the brand is sleek and sophisticated.= minimalistic
• The brand logo is positioned in the top left of the homepage and is a capital Z using a bold font. This use of just the first letter of her name suggests a sense of fame, and black adds to the notion that this is a mature sophisticated brand.
• rebranded website she tries to apply her audience to a diverse target audience.
• Topics featured: beauty, promotes a clean and healthy lifestyle, love and romance books, mental health, looking after body, consumerist culture and ideology.

Question 18

Binary Opposition

Answer 18

• real vs. the constructed, links to Baudrillards = sumaclra - Peruades the audience to forget what the real is, what a mother would go through, and how messy things can be. Also the parts that we don’t see gives a constructed reality. = draw our own interpretations.
• Gender binary opposition; Alfie (partner) goes to the gym, wears chilled clothing = promotes the ideologies that men needs to keep fit and zoella has a full face of makeup promoting he home brand which suggest she caters to her appearance/looks and promotes domesticity. wider issues in society
• Femininity / Masculinity
• Happy / Sad
• Single / Relationship
• Affluence / Poverty

Question 19

postmodernism appliaction

Baurdrillard

Answer 19

• vlogs creators create realistic worlds and invite the audience to become part of that hyperreality
• They construct identities for themselves that are ‘sold’ to audiences who may want to emulate the blogger and use them as role models e.g. instagram = stage-candid photos, images of child (constructing a family brand identity - heteronormative), = positive representation
• Postmodernists claim that in a media-saturated world - we areconstantly immersed in media, 24/7 –the distinction between reality and themedia representation of it becomesblurred or even entirely invisible
• Media reality is the new reality.
• Zoella’s idealised representations of femininity and the beauty myth become a simulacra – a media proliferated copy of herself that transcends the norms of reality to convey a heightened reality and sense of verisimilitude – a beautified hyper-reality.

Question 20

Semiotics (Barthes)

Answer 20

• anxiety discourse in confessional direct mode of address vlogs.
• Conventional representation of Western womanhood.
• Connotations as a ‘homemaker’ with allusions to the domestic housewife - emphasis on the kitchen.
• Feminine lifestyle connotations – fashionable and expensive clothing, conventional red lipstick and eye shadow make-up, small dog , family gatherings and a ‘cute’ car, feminine friends and aspirational aesthetically pleasing mise-en-scene.

Question 21

Gender perfomitity in the apartment video

2016

Answer 21

• Decoration/packaging is feminine = soft colour pallet = purple, rose petals
• Flower scented candles, from her mum’s garden = women are associated to the domestic sphere.
• The way Zoella reinforces conventional beauty ideals through makeup, hair and costume
• intresteningly, zoella commodifies feminity
• Discusses about positivity = shows that she caring, nurturing.
• zoella designes her house to make it look clean and appealing to the audience, this suggests conventional ideologies that women must be organised and look after the home
• In contrast, her partner Alfie is absent towards the end of the vlog, highlighting the stereotypical ideas that he’s outside of the domestic role. This reflect van zoonens ideas that men and women are represented differently.
• presented as ‘spectacle’ as he is credited for his efforts for attending gym twice. He’s in ordinary gym clothes (not presentable)

Question 22

representation feminity

Answer 22

• her commentary reinforce representation of feminity - they expect her to have makeup, Tidy clean house = normalised
• in the xmas vlog: - Positions Zoella in a domestic role. She refers to the need of her Christmas party preparations as something that both her and Aflie to be engaged in. = shes the only one that excutes this

Question 23

Gilroy in zoella

Answer 23

• Zoella channel unwittingly reinforces cultural binaries through its exclusion of non-white participants
• The channel’s marginalisation of non-white ethnicities suggests a segregated view of UK society, constructing a sense of ‘otherness’ through the absence of those ethnic groups.
• Moreover, the channel’s construction of an aspirational, ideal lifestyle coupled with its reinforcement of beauty ideals might lead an audience to perceive that these are states that can’t be achieved by a non-white audience.
• reaffirms heteronormative relationships
• other collaborators are white females

Question 24

PEQ

HOW DO BLOGS/VLOGS REINFORCE STEREOTYPES – STARTING POINTS

Answer 24

• portrayal - perpetuate unrealistic beauty standards and societal
• Reinforces sexuality = Heterosexual couple: films with her husbands, and collaborate with other heterosexual couple e.g. boyfriend does my makeup = performative role that are constructed in society. (Judith)
• However, there is an absence of queer people, non-whites – aligns with the gay best friend trope = symbolic alienation.= Reinforces westernised beauty ideal are the standards
• She reinforces gender stereotypes.
• portrayal of motherhood reinforces positive stereotypes. She emphasises maternal traits such as nurturing and domesticity = suggests that these qualities are what it is to be a good mother
• ‘Pregnancy updates, family fun day, ‘baking with Ottie’
• She goes on holidays/travel vlogs = most are family orientated.
• Her brand vs personal insta page = her vlogs she has inspiration of wedding, whereas on her personal page = she is happily married suggests that that these are the steps to attain them things.
• Doesn’t offer diverse representation = which challenges Gauntlet ‘pick and mix theory’
  CHALLENGE:
• Independent/hardworking
• Economically stable/businesswoman
• E.g. apartment vlog, her brand

Question 25

How does Zoe Sugg create an illusion of reality in her video

Baking with Otti - Halloween

Answer 25

• Para-social interaction: the direct mode of address used by Zoella creates a illusion of personal, face-to-face communication
• At the start she has a hair tied upon in a scrunchie, oversized jumper – LOOKS NATURAL
• Ambient sounds = water taps, whilst Otti brushes her teeth, breathing heavily
• UNSCRIPTED NARRATIVE, talks about waking up in the morning with he baby = makes it seem easy. She’s in high-key lighting
• Ottie makes some mess
• POV SHOTS in the supermarkets, finding ingredients = AUTHENTIC – invites us in personal settings
• Conventional narrative
• Lughing filler sceens gives the illusions that she perfect/happy
• House set up = tidy kitchen
• Editing = jump-cut – makes it look realistic and like we are having a conversation
  How does it undercut this sense of reality
• Promotes m&s product within the supermarket
• Lighting candles and film rain drop on window = makes it seems like a movie
• Constructed reality as being postmodern
• airbrushed realitiy of life, no marriage troubles, sanistised - aspirtional lifestyle
• hyperreal representation of motherhood = seems kept together, wears a full face of makeup, a tidy house, baby doent cry or throw tantrums in her video = shows that its constructed

Question 26

AUDIENCE

types of her audience

Answer 26

• ASPIRATIONAL TRIBE: zoella is concerned with being on trend and with the lastest fashion
• C4 UK tribe
• female audience: emotive content = van zoonen - women are overly emotional/expressive - we see this through her narratives.she continues to tell us how she feels about the problems she faces.
• target age: 13-24 - heavy use of insta and youtube = social media applicabe by this age group, light comedic tone effected and youth oriented slang
• BC1C2: Partnerships built with companies who target similar deomgraphic groups - companies who represent high fashion at value prices, Zoellas hous is also ideal and fun everinoment.

Question 27

Shirky - key points
end of audience

Answer 27

• shift in media habits: individuals actively seeking and contributing to content rather than passively consuming
• rcognition of amateur aesthetic of blogs/vlogs - a sense of authencity, that content is unmediated
• filming at home, ‘real’ mise-en-scene, use of direct of address etc - youtubers constructed as relatable, ‘real’ people rather than distant stars
• regular post and updates keep the content fresh and current - sense of spontaniety
• openness and sharing culture - individuals are motivated to contribute and share for intrinsic reason
• these connections are pivotal to the commercial success of media in the digital age. This fosters loyalty from young audeinces whose expectation of interactive contnent are radically different from previous genrations.

Question 28

How does GERBNER apply to zoella

Answer 28

• perceptions of her audience over time.
• In the case of Zoella, her consistent production of lifestyle vlogs, beauty tutorials, and other content over the years contributes to a significant amount of exposure for her audience. Through repeated viewing of Zoella’s videos and engagement with her social media platforms, viewers may come to accept her portrayal of beauty standards, lifestyle choices, and social norms as representative of reality, potentially influencing their own beliefs and behaviors.
• Zoella’s popularity and reach as a social media influencer mean that her content can reach a wide and diverse audience, potentially mainstreaming certain beauty ideals, consumer behaviors, and lifestyle trends.
• Selective Exposure: Cultivation theory acknowledges that individuals may selectively expose themselves to media content that aligns with their existing beliefs and attitudes. Zoella’s audience may consist of individuals who are already predisposed to her style of content or who are seeking out aspirational lifestyle content.
• This selective exposure can intensify the cultivation effects by reinforcing existing beliefs and perceptions, as viewers actively seek out and consume content that reaffirms their worldview.

Question 29

Applying fandom theory to zoella

Answer 29

• Participatory Culture: where fans actively engage with and contribute to media content. Zoella’s audience actively participates in her content by commenting on her videos, sharing her posts on social media, and creating fan art or fanfiction inspired by her.
• Additionally, Zoella herself often interacts directly with her audience through Q&A sessions, live streams
• Textual Poaching: fans actively reinterpret and remix media texts to create their own meanings and narratives. Zoella’s audience - creating fan edits, memes, and other creative works inspired by her content
• Additionally, fans may reinterpret Zoella’s messages to fit their own identities and experiences, contributing to a diverse range of fan interpretations and fan practices.
• has been commonly linked with targeting younger female consumers (who are more likely to passively buy into her aspirational status as vlogger, millionaire and opinion leader). Recent output however suggests that she is ‘talking’ now to an older demographic who have grown up with her.

Question 30

INDUSTRY

MARXIST VIEW OF SOCIETY

Answer 30

Media texts are used as an ideological tool to maintain this status quo and keep the working classes docile and unaware of their exploited status in the capitalist system
promote their ideologies

• Zoella’s influence in the media and influencer industry can shape audience ideologies a
• While she may not overtly promote political or economic ideologies, **her content and brand partnerships could reinforce aspects of the status quo, particularly within consumer culture**
• align with capitalist values, potentially reinforcing materialism and consumption as desirable behaviors.

Question 31

CURRAN AND SEATON

Issues of media concentration

Answer 31

Conglomeration creates monopolies = 1 company owns everything - not much coemption, making more profit.

• HER CONTENT IS NOW SANTISED, PRIMARK HAUL/ STYLE HAUL
• Zoe Sugg, as a prominent figure in the influencer and content creation space, doesn’t necessarily fit the traditional model of a conglomerate or a monopoly.
• However, some elements of the theory could apply to her influence and impact within her industry.
• For instance, as a highly successful influencer and entrepreneur, Zoe Sugg’s media presence and brand partnerships could potentially influence the content landscape and limit the diversity of voices or options available to audiences within her niche.
• Additionally, her level of influence could shape market dynamics and competition within certain sectors of the beauty and lifestyle industry.

Question 32

industry

Zoella and Monetisation

money-tisation - how they make more money

Answer 32

This is achieved through:
- Youtube Ads: she earns revenue from ads displayed on her youtube videos = before, didnt get adverts on youtube.
- brands/diversifaction: make-up brand, was on loose women, partnered with superdrug.
- She also promotes her husband ‘pointless blogs’ ans well as her website to get more informations
- sponsered content: promotes her products e.g. Primark initially, now more high-end product = which generates more income
- Moreover, Zoella capitalizes on merchandising opportunities, including her book, beauty line, and lifestyle products, further diversifying her revenue streams

Similarly, Zoe Sugg + Alifie push merch to give space for product placement. The ZALFIE partnership might attract audience engagement through commentary

Question 33

Industry

Monestisation

Answer 33

1. Quality and Style of Content:

• As Zoe Sugg’s popularity and influence have grown, she may have invested in producing higher-quality content with improved production values. She has..
• Since she’s partnered with to stylehaul she has more advance quality/ better equipment, editing techniques, and collaborations with other creators or professionals
• As she is YouTube has become saturated, she now has a more mature older audience, who have different interest. = may not have time to watch her long vlogs = Insta is quick access/ advance content

2. Monsetisation and changed focus
   * When she first started, (Zoella brand) she would promote a sponsored content, brand partnerships, however her monetisation has changed overtime as her content
   * Her content is now (ZOE SUGGS) subtle, she has strategic collaborations and partnerships with brands that align with her personal brand and values = which is likely strives to maintain authenticity and relevance to her audience’s interests to avoid alienating viewers.
   * does not really promote advertisement instead encourage a lifestyle and age she promotes health = tries to be authentic
   * Insta act as a teaser - she strategically focuses on platforms like Instagram, which offer more profitable opportunities for content promotion and engagement.
   * This maximising profit
   * As she employs various strategies to ensure her content is as profitable as possible. This may include diversifying revenue streams beyond ad revenue, such as launching her own product lines, merchandising

Question 34

Cultural Industries

Hesmondaulgh

Answer 34

Hesmondaulgh Cultural Industries application on zoella:
1. Maximise profit, minimise risk in order to be successful = her videos are now regulated to avoid getting ‘cancelled‘
2. success is achieved when a company is horiszontally/vertically intergrated =
2. Working accross a variety of different platforms (diversification) = zoe has an app for editing, produces beauty productzs and has a book
3. She focuses on particular genres and formats releveant for her fans = makes them want to buy/engage more
4. Releasing of a product - Zoella doesnt post regular uploead every few months so when she does upload it creates a sense of anticipation/making her content rare

Question 35

Zoella and horizontally intergrated

Answer 35

– Zoella’s brand exhibits both horizontal and vertical integration within the lifestyle and beauty industries.
- Horizontally, her presence spans multiple platforms and** product lines, with her YouTube channel serving as the core, supplemented by social media platforms and collaborations with other brands and influencers.
- Vertically, she is involved in various aspects of product production** and distribution, actively marketing and promoting her products through online and traditional channels, and engaging directly with her audience for feedback and insights.

Question 36

industry

Economic factors

Answer 36

• online products such as blogs and vlogs can be monetised
• The extent to which the internet + online products such as blogs have democratised the media e.g. Bosses control their output on content
• The extent to which the producers of online products create or tailor content in order to deliver audience to advertises and sponsors = e.g. Zoella attracts her audience, by delivering them to companies she’s has partnered with/sponsors
• friendly, childlike persona = sanitised content = make her more profitable
• Suggs have 5mil sub - which demonstrates how economic factors have an influence
• synergising with influencers to appear in other vlogs WITH those who are signed to mcm’s

Question 37

industry

A multi-channel network (MCN)

StyleHaul

Answer 37

• is a company that works with multiple channels and content creators, consulting towards success on YouTube
• A MCN offers support to the creator or help with funding expensive video creating ideas.
• In exchange for their work, they take a cut of the advertising.
• Advertisers who work with MCNs can pay for services including product placement and in show sponsorships, aiming to gain repeated exposure, compared with television advertisements which are often ignored or skipped.

What they get in return:
* Access to marketing and promotion
* Access to editing facilities
* Cover song and background music licenses on copyrighted music
StyleHAUL:
* Zoella is part of stylehaul network (an example of an MCN) have 25 Billion views
* Largest globalstyle community of content creators, creating style-centric programming designed for 18-34 year olds female demographic. = part of hesmondhalughlh ideas minimising risk, maximising profit

stylehaul - influencer - audience
= everyone makes money, own by big media clogmerate

Zoella + Alfie is now signed to GleenFeatures = have more control

Question 38

Digital Technologies & Audiences

Answer 38

• Audience interactivity and participation
• The prosumers - audiences become part of the text
• Convergence - online purchases through online shops & Aspiration
• Para-social interaction
• Lack of regulation - freedom of expression

Zoella:
* Use of Photoshop and filters
* Captioning of images - design choices and fonts
* Social and participatory media links

Question 39

Regulation and the Internet

Answer 39

1. Technological Convergence Challenges: complicates regulation due to the growth of online content created by prosumers.
2. Regulation Complexity for Zoella’s Vlogs: Zoella’s vlogs present regulatory challenges for advertising enforcement, as her product placements fall outside traditional regulatory bodies’ .
3. Ofcom’s Regulatory Approach: supports self-regulation and aims to protect youth from inappropriate content through measures like age verification and screen time limits.
4. ASA’s Response to Digital Platforms: The ASA adapts to digital platform challenges, addressing issues of content responsibility on platforms like YouTube.
5. Zoella’s ASA Warning: Zoella’s ASA warning highlights the need for regulating online advertising, advertorial vlogs, and product placements on digital platforms.

Question 40

Self Regulation

Answer 40

• Zoella’s appeal is based on creating a kind, friendly, supportive community. = high-pitched voice, seems relatable.
• This suggests the need to self-regulate in order to maintain this image. = trying not to be ‘cancelled’ = may loose sponserships
• She could lose young fans because their parents don’t want their children to watch videos that contain inappropriate content.
• Also, she could lose sponsorship deals.

Zoella self-regulate herself by:
* She doesn’t swear
* She’s careful about what she says
* She doesn’t talk about controversial topics = sanitised content-paints a happy lifestyle something that her fans should aspire to.
* She wears appropriate clothing