SA: Dystocia Flashcards
Stage 1 of parturition
Happens @ any time of the day
Upregulation of oxytocin receptors
16-18 hrs
Final posture and position
Stage 2 of parturition
Pushing delivery of fetus (abdominal contractions)
Anterior or posterior presentation
6-12 hrs (depends)
Stage 3 of parturition
Passing of the placentas
Retained placentas rare (not a problem)
Dogs gestation time
63 days average (larger litter shorter)
57-72 days
Cats gestation days
Beyond 72 days
Typical gestation presentation
70% anterior, dorsosarcal with front limb extended (superman)
Dystocia
Abnormal/ difficulty giving birth
1 cause of dystocia due to a malposition
Fetal maternal mismatch (small pelvic inlet with large skulls- brachys, bullys, etc)
Physiologic imbalances causing dystocia
Hypoglycemia
Hypocalcemia (anorexia before parturition)
ID dystocia
4h of weak contraction and no puppy
>2h between puppies
>30m of active contractions and straining without a puppy
Black or green vulvar discharge with no puppy
Large amount of frank blood from vulva
When dam’s arrive
Finances
Complete PE
Vaginal exam (with ferguson’s reflex)
Ultrasound
What determines if we can medically manage cases?
Ferguson’s reflex present
Puppies HR
Number of puppies left
Drugs used for medical management
Glucose: address hypoglycemia (oral- karo water, fluids with sugar added)
Oxytocin: causes contractions (5-30 min)
Ca Gluconate
Adjunctive medical
Lube to warm water, 1:1 ratio
8-10 french red rubber catheter
Sedation +/- epidural
What is compromised for neonates after C-sections?
Hypothermia
Hypovolemia
Hypoxemia
