Topic 2: How do we Conduct & Interpret Research in Sport and Exercises Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Independent Variable

A

Variable that is manipulated (cause).

i.e. Research on the effects of exercise on cognitive function, the effects of exercise is the independent variable.

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2
Q

Dependent Variable

A

Variable that is affected by the independent variable (outcome).

i.e. Research on the effects of exercise on cognitive function, cognitive function is the dependent variable.

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3
Q

Non-experimental/Observational Study

A

There is no (in)dependent variable and typically does not involve a hypothesis.
- Interviews, focus groups, journaling, etc.

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4
Q

Cross-Sectional Study

A

Comparing two or more different groups on a subject. For example, comparing body image between exercisers, non exercisers and athletes.

Pros: Low administration, quick
Cons: Assume changes

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5
Q

Longitudinal Design Study

A

Observe a variable over time on a group of individuals. For example, observing changes in body image over time as participants engage in exercise.

Pros: Change is observed across time
Cons: High administration, high drop out rate, training effects, no control

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6
Q

Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

A

Individuals are randomly assigned to either a control or experimental group that are compared over time. For example, what are the effects of exercise on body imagine compared to a control group?

Pros: change observed over time, confident in changes
Cons: high administration, drop out

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7
Q

Types of measures used in research

A
  1. Self-Report/Survey (i.e. Log)
  2. Objective/Technical (i.e. HR monitor)
  3. Observational (i.e. observe a class)
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8
Q

Confounding Variable

A

Variable whose presence affects the variables being studied so that the results do not reflect the true relationship between them.

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9
Q

Moderator Variable

A

Variable that alters the direction or strength of the relationship between the variable studied.

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10
Q

Mediator Variable

A

Variable that explains the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable.

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