chapter 8 part 1

Question 1

what is water in the body used for?

Answer 1

a solvent, cooling, lubricant, cushioning, cleaning

Question 2

if you soak a slice of an apple in corn syrup, would you expect it to lose or gain weight?

Answer 2

lose weight

Question 3

your little nephew has been sick for several days with a high temperature, vomiting and diarrhea. why could this be dehydration?

Answer 3

reduced blood volume-increased electrolytes in blood-water is attracted to blood-tissues shrink (since the water leaves then goes to the blood).

the water leaves the the mouth and eyes (tissues) to go to the blood.

Question 4

mild v severe dehydration

Answer 4

mild:
-lose less than 5% of body weight
-dry mouth/throat
-poor mental function
-concentrated uring

severe:
-more than 5% of body weight
-sweating slows/stops
-blue lips and fingers
-confusion
-thickening on blood
-shock, coma, death

Question 5

osmosis

Answer 5

hypertonic- tissues are so dry
isotonic- balanced water in tissues and blood
hypotonic- too much water in the tissues

Question 6

what are the signs of severe dehydration?

Answer 6

thirst, dark urine, weight loss during exercise, dry mouth/eyes

Question 7

why does body temp increase with severe dehydration

Answer 7

you are not sweating

Question 8

chronic dehydration increases risk for what disease?

Answer 8

heart attack, cancer, kidney stones, uti, constipation, gall stones

Question 9

what is water intoxication also called?

Answer 9

hyponatremia

Question 10

what is water intoxication?

Answer 10

overhydration

Question 11

what happens to body cells in water intoxication?

Answer 11

tissues/cells burst because they the concentration of electrolytes foes down due to the over-hydration, the blood becomes hypotonic since the blood is attracted to the tissues, so they burst

Question 12

what are the symptoms of water intoxication?

Answer 12

headache, confusion, fatigue, decreased energy, muscle weakness, spasms, restlessness, irritability, seizures, coma, death

Question 13

dehydration v water intoxication
-what happens to blood volume in both
-what happens to concentration of solutes (electrolytes) in blood
-where is the water attracted (blood or cells)
-where is water pulled (blood or cells)
-what happens to body cells

Answer 13

dehydration-
down, up, blood, cells, shrink

water intoxication
-increases, decreases, cells, blood, burst

Question 14

what is a diuretic?

Answer 14

something that causes the body to lose water

Question 15

what beverages have diuretics?

Answer 15

caffeine and alcohol

Question 16

what is a liquid but not a source of water for your body?

Answer 16

oil

Question 17

mineral v vitamin

Answer 17

mineral: simply a mineral (inorganic, needed in small amounts)

vitamin: a complex chemical structure

Question 18

what is bioavalibility?

Answer 18

how much of what you consume is actually available to your body

Question 19

what enhances the absorption of iron?

Answer 19

vitamin cwhat

Question 20

what hinders the absorption of iron?

Answer 20

too much zinc

Question 21

what hinders absorption of calcium in spinach?

Answer 21

oxilates since they are binded to the calcium

Question 22

what are the under-consumed minerals?

Answer 22

magnesium, iron, calcium, potassium

Question 23

what are the over-consumed minerals?

Answer 23

sodium