chapter 9 all words not built from word parts

Question 1

abortion (AB)

Answer 1

termination of pregnancy by the expulsion from the uterus of an embryo or fetus before viability, usually before 20 weeks of gestation.

Question 2

Spontaneous abortion

Answer 2

spontaneous abortion is the termination of pregnancy that occurs naturally and is commonly referred to as miscarriage

Question 3

Induced abortion

Answer 3

the intentional termination of a pregnancy by surgical or medical intervention

Question 4

abruptio placentae

Answer 4

premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall

Question 5

eclampsia

Answer 5

severe complication and progression of preeclampsia characterized by convulsion. Eclampsia is a potentially life-threatening disorder

Question 6

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 6

pregnancy occurring outside the uterus, commonly in the fallopian tubes

Question 7

placenta previa

Answer 7

abnormally low implantation of the placenta on the uterine wall completely or partially covering the cervix. Dilation of the cervix can cause separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, resulting in bleeding. With severe hemorrhage, a cesarean section is necessary to save the mother and baby’s life.

Question 8

preeclampsia

Answer 8

abnormal condition encountered during pregnancy or shortly after deliver characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria, but with no convulsions. The cause is unknown; if not successfully treated, the condition can progress to eclampsia.

Question 9

cleft lip or palate

Answer 9

congenital split of the lip or roof of the mouth, one or both deformities may be present

Question 10

coarctation of the aorta

Answer 10

congenital stenosis that occurs in the arch of the aorta

Question 11

congenital cytomegalovirus

Answer 11

herpes type virus t hat crosses the placenta. Symptoms in newborns may include jaundice, microcephaly, developmental delay and hearing loss; some infants may have no symptoms

Question 12

congenital heart disease

Answer 12

heart abnormality present at birth

Question 13

down syndrome

Answer 13

genetic condition caused y a chromosomal abnormality characterized by varying degrees of intellectual, developmental, and physical disorders or defects (there is an extra 21st chromosome, hence it is also called trisomy 21)

Question 14

erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 14

condition of the newborn characterized by hemolysis of the erythrocytes. The condition is usually caused by incompatibility of the infant’s and mother’s blood, occurring when the mother’s blood is Rh negative and the infants blood is Rh positive

Question 15

esophageal atresia

Answer 15

congenital absence of part of the esophagus. Food cannot pass from the baby’s mouth to the stomach.

Question 16

fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Answer 16

condition caused by excessive alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy. various birth effects may be present, including central nervous system dysfunction and malformations of the skull and face

Question 17

gastroschisis

Answer 17

congenital fissure of the abdominal wall that is not at the umbilicus. Enterocele, protrusion of the intestine, is usually present

Question 18

respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

Answer 18

respiratory complication in the newborn, especially in premature infants. In premature infants RDS is caused by normal immaturity of the respiratory system resulting in compromised respiration.

Question 19

spina bifida

Answer 19

congenital defect in the vertebral column caused by the failure of the vertebral arch to close. If the meninges protrude through the opening the condition is called meningocele. Protrusion of both the meninges and spinal cord is meningomyelocele

Question 20

cervical cerclage

Answer 20

suturing the cervix closed to prevent dilation and premature deliery

Question 21

cesarean section

Answer 21

birth of a fetus through an incision in the mothers abdomen and uterus

Question 22

in vitro fertilization (IVF)

Answer 22

method of fertilizing human ova outside the body and placing zygote outside the uterus; used when infertility is present. infertility management techniques that artificially combine both the ova and the sperm are called assisted reproductive technology (ART)

Question 23

nuchal translucency screening

Answer 23

ultrasound test to check the back of the fetal neck for extra fluid or thickening. i is usually performed between 11 and 13 weeks of pregnancy

Question 24

quad screen

Answer 24

blood test performed during the second trimester measuring four hormone levels that can reveal an increased risk of certain disorders in the developing fetus. it measures the levels of alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, unconjugated estriol, and inhibin.

Question 25

apgar score

Answer 25

system for rapid neonatal assessment at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. five vital criteria including heart rate, respiration, muscle tone, response to stimulation, and color are assessed and scored on a o1-2 scale with 7-10 considered normal.

Question 26

chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

Answer 26

prenatal test that takes a sample of the area of blood supply in the placenta either through the abdominal wall or the vagina. performed between 10 and 13 weeks of pregnancy and tests for chromosome and other genetic problems

HAS A SMALL RISK OF MISCARRIAGE SO USUALLY ONLY PERFORMED IN HIGH RISK-PREGNANCIES OR WHEN SOMEONE TESTS POSITIVE FOR AN ABNORMALITY

Question 27

puerpera

Answer 27

childbirth

Question 28

colostrum

Answer 28

thin milky fluid secreted by the breast during pregnancy and during the first days after birth before lactation begins

Question 29

lochia

Answer 29

vaginal discharge after childbirth

Question 30

quickening

Answer 30

first feeling of movement of the fetus in utero by the pregnant woman. It usually occurs between a16 and 20 weeks of gestation

Question 31

midwife

Answer 31

individual who practices midwifery

Question 32

breech presentation

Answer 32

birth position in which the buttocks, feet, or knees emerge first

Question 33

cephalic presentation

Answer 33

birth position in which any part of the head emerges frist. it is the most common presentation

Question 34

lactation

Answer 34

secretion of milk

Question 35

in vitro

Answer 35

outside of the body or in a lab setting

Question 35

in vivo

Answer 35

within the living body

Question 36

parturition

Answer 36

act of giving birth

Question 37

puerperium

Answer 37

period of delivery until the reproductive organs return to normal

Question 38

congenital anomaly

Answer 38

abnormality present at birth; often discovered before birth by sonography or amniocentesis

Question 39

meconium

Answer 39

first stool off the new born

Question 40

gavage

Answer 40

process of feeding through a tube; used for critically ill newborns and others who are unconscious, unable to swallow, or too weak to eat (also called gastric gavage)

Question 41

premature infant

Answer 41

infant born before completing 37 weeks of gestation (also called preterm infnant)

Question 42

stillborn

Answer 42

born dead (death of fetus after 20 weeks of pregnancy)