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MCQ 1.3 > Hypothalamus Pituitary Axis > Flashcards

Hypothalamus Pituitary Axis Flashcards

1
Q

What are 5 types of cells in the anterior pituitary cells and hormones

A

Somatotrophs
Corticotrophs
Thyrotrophs
Gonadotrophs
Lactotrophs

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2
Q

What does somatotrophs produce

A

Inhibits GH

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3
Q

What does corticotrophs produce

A

Stimulates ACTH

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4
Q

What does thyrotrophs produce

A

Stimulates TSH and prolactin

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5
Q

What does gonadotrophs produce

A

Stimulates LH and FSH

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6
Q

What does lactotrophs produce

A

Inhibits PRL

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7
Q

Which cell type is the most popular in the pituitary

A

Somatotrophs

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8
Q

What do somatotrophs target

A

All tissues
Liver

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9
Q

What do corticotrophs target

A

Adrenal gland
Adipocytes
Melanocytes

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10
Q

What do thyrotrophs target

A

Thyroid gland

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11
Q

What do gonadotrophs target

A

Gonads

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12
Q

What do lactotrophs target

A

Breasts
Gonads

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13
Q

What do hypothalamic neurohormones do

A

Act on adenohypophysis to stimulate or inhibit synthesis and release of anterior pituitary hormones

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14
Q

What is the growth hormone

A

Somatotropin exerts most of its effects on growth via somatomedins (IGF)

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15
Q

What is the growth hormones effect on protein metabolism

A

Increase synthesis of proteins
Decrease breakdown of proteins
Enhances AA transport across cell membrane
Enhances DNA transcription and RNA translation
Reducing protein catabolism

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16
Q

What is the effect of the growth hormone on fat metabolism

A

Increase breakdown of FA from adipose tissue
Increase conversion of FA into acetyl CoA in all tissues
Increase acetoacetic acid and lead to fatty liver

17
Q

What is the effect of the growth hormone on carbohydrate metabolism

A

Decreased uptake of glucose leading to increase blood glucose levels produce a diabetogenic effect

18
Q

What is diabetes mellitus caused by

A

Increased levels of GH

19
Q

What is hypertension caused by

A

Increased levels of ACTH

20
Q

What is goitre caused by

A

Increased levels of TSH

21
Q

Where is oxytocin (nonapeptide)

A

Synthesis in the cell bodies of hypothalamic neurons

22
Q

What does oxytocin do

A

Stimulates the gravity uterus toward end of gestation
Helps expression of milk from breast alveoli into ducts

23
Q

Where is antidiuretic hormone stored

A

In the neurohypophysis

24
Q

What does ADH do

A

Conserves body water and regulates toxicity of body fluids
At higher concentration constricts the arterioles Vasopressin

MCQ 1.3 (13 decks)

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