Tongue

Question 1

Name 4 types of papillae

Answer 1

Fungiform
Foliate
Filiform
Circumvallate

Question 2

Where are circumvallate papillae found

Answer 2

Anterior to sulcus terminalis

Question 3

Where are filiform papillae found

Answer 3

All over tongue but not in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

Question 4

Where are foliate lingual papillae found

Answer 4

Lateral surface of the tongue near sulcus

Question 5

Where are fungiform lingual papillae found

Answer 5

Apex and side of tongues - red 1mm dots

Question 6

Which papillae are involved in taste

Answer 6

All except filiform
(so circumvallate/fungiform/foliate)

Question 7

Where is the foramen cecum found and what’s its significance

Answer 7

Around apex of sulcus terminals
Site in embryo the epithelium invaginated to form the thyroid gland

Question 8

What’s function of the tongue

Answer 8

Taste /talking
Oral cleaning
swollowing
Eating - forms bolus and pushes food between teeth then to back of mouth

Question 9

Name the 5 tastes

Answer 9

Sweet
Salty
Bitter
Sour
Umami ( savoury )

Question 10

Nerve supply to muscles tongue(motor)

Answer 10

Hypoglossal ( CN XII) except palatoglossus ( Vagus ( X)

Question 11

What ducts open under tongue and where

Answer 11

Whartons duct from the submandibular gland
Bartholins duct from the sublingual gland
Both Open at the sublingual caruncles on floor of mouth)
Ducts Rivinus ( open in sublingual folds)

Question 12

Name the intrinsic tongue muscles and function

Answer 12

Longitudinal ->shorten tongue and curl tip up
Transverse ->narrow tongue
Vertical->flatten and broaden tongue

Question 13

Name extrinsic tongue muscles and function

Answer 13

Genioglossus -> protrudes tongue
Palatoglossus ->elevates tongue
Styloglossus->retracts tongue

Hyoglossus_> depresses tongue(hyoid below so pulls down )
All alter position tongue

Question 14

Difference in function between intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscle

Answer 14

Intrinsic - change shape
Extrinsic move tongue position

Question 15

Nerve supply to tongue muscles (motor )

Answer 15

Hypoglossal( XII )except patoglossus (X-vagus)

Question 16

Nerve supply for sensation /taste to tongue

Answer 16

Anterior 2/3 - taste is by CN VII-chordae tymapani)
-sensation V3( lingual nerve branch)

Posterior 1/3-taste + sensation both supplied by Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)

Question 17

Blood supply tongue

Answer 17

Lingual artery

Lingual vein - dorsal branch dorsal tongue
-deep branch ventral tongue
( lingual vein enters internal jugular vein )

Question 18

Lymphatic drainage tongue

Answer 18

Base-> superior deep cervical LN

Body –> submandibular LN- >to deep cervical LN

Apex –> submental –> submandibular LN
(Note :centre aspects drain to bilateral LN , sides drain to same side LN))

Question 19

problems seen with tongue- 1 acquired and 1 congenital ( developmental)

Answer 19

acquired :piercing - break teeth /infection—> quickly spread via spaces/speech problems

congenital - tongue ties ( ankyloglossia _ frenulum short so cant lift tongue