OSCE STUFF Flashcards
What does a high GFR do to sodium levels
Results in a high loss of sodium so low body sodium
What does a high renal tubule flow do to sodium levels
Results in decreased sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule which means low body sodium.
What are symptoms of low body sodium.
Cellular overhydration, loss of energy, confusion
What are the syptoms of water deficiency
hypotension, low pulse volume, decreased skin turgor, peripheral vasoconstriction, tachycardia, raised plasma proteins, ureamia
What is raised in classic acute renal failure
Urea, creatnine, K+, H+, urate, phosphate
What is lowered in classic acute renal failure
Calcium, bicarbonate
What is lowered in tubular dysfunction
K+, phosphate, urate, bicarbonate,
What remains normal in tubular dysfunction
Urea and creatinine
What is raised in chronic renal failure
Creatinine, urea, phosphate and urate
What is lowered in chronic renal failure
Bicarbonate and Hb
What do high ALT levels indicate
Acute liver damage, chronic liver disease and obstructive jaundice
What does raised Aspartate Aminotransferase indicate
Raised in shock, after exercise and pregnancy.
What do low ALT levels indicate
Vitamin B6 deficiency
What does raised GGT levels indicate
All types of liver and biliary tract disease and also pancreatic cancer
If GGT levels are raised what has the person consumed
Alcohol
