Mini Chap 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

Anterograde amnesia

A

Inability to encode new memories form our experiences

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2
Q

Chunking

A

Organizing information into meaningful groupings allowing us to extend the span of short term memory

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3
Q

Context dependant learning

A

Superior retrieval of memories when the external context of the original memories matches retrieval context

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4
Q

Cryptomneisia

A

Failure to recognize that our ideas originated with someone else

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5
Q

Decay

A

Fading of information form memory over tine

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6
Q

Distributed versus massed practice

A

studying information in small increments over time (distributed) versus in large increments over a brief amount of time (massed)

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7
Q

Echoic memory

A

Auditory sensory memory

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8
Q

Elaborating rehearsal

A

Linking stimuli to each other in a meaningful way to improve retention of information in short term memory

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9
Q

Encoding

A

Process of getting information into our memory banks

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10
Q

Encoding specificity

A

Phenomenon of remembering something better when the conditions under which we retirive information are similar to the conditions under which we encoded it

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11
Q

Episodic memory

A

Recollection of events in our lives

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12
Q

Explicit memories

A

Memories we recall intentionally and of which we have conscious awareness

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13
Q

Flashbulb memory

A

Emotional memory that is extraordinarily vivid and detailed

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14
Q

Iconic memory

A

Visual sensory memory

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15
Q

Imagination inflation

A

Imaging an event inflates confidence in the likelihood that it occurred

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16
Q

Implicit memory

A

Memories we don’t deliberately remember or reflect on consciously

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17
Q

Infantile amnesia

A

Inability of adults to remember personal experiences that took place before an early age

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18
Q

Interference

A

Loss of information from memory because of competition from additional incoming information

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19
Q

Levels of processing

A

Depth of transforming information which influences how easily we remember it

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20
Q

long term memory

A

Relatively enduring retention of information stored regarding our facts, experiences and skills

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21
Q

Long term potential ion

A

Gradual strengthening of the connecting among neurons from repetitive stimulation

22
Q

Magic number

A

The span of short term memory according to George miller—> seven plus or minus two pieces of information

23
Q

Maintenance rehearsal

A

Repeating stimuli in their original form to retain them in short term memory

24
Q

Memory illusion

A

False bu subjectively compelling memory

25
Q

Meta memory

A

Knowledge about our own memory abilities and limitations

26
Q

Misinformation effect

A

Creation of fictitious memories by proving misleading information about an event after it takes place

27
Q

Nummonic

A

Learning aid strategy or device that enhances reveal

28
Q

Per a store

A

Type of long lasting memory that appears to be permanent

29
Q

Primacy effect

A

Tendency to remember words at the beginning of a list especially well

30
Q

Priming

A

Our ability to identify a stimulus more easily or quickly after we’ve encountered similar stimuli

31
Q

Proactive interference

A

Interference with acquisition of new information due to previous learning of information

32
Q

Procedural memory

A

Memory for how to do things, including motor skills and habits

33
Q

Recall

A

Generating previously remembered information

34
Q

Recency effect

A

Tendency to remember words at the end of a list especially well

35
Q

recognition

A

Selecting previously remember3ed information form an array of option

36
Q

Rehearsal

A

Repeating information to extend the duration of retention in short term memory

37
Q

Relearning

A

Reacquaint knowledge that we’d previously learned but largely forgotten over time

38
Q

retrival

A

Deactivation or reconstruction of experiences from our memory stores

39
Q

Retrival cue

A

Hint that makes it easier for us to recall information

40
Q

Retroactive interferences

A

Interferences with retention of old information due to acquisition of new information

41
Q

Retrograde amnesia

A

Loss of memories from our past

42
Q

Schema

A

Organized knowledge structure or mental model that we’ve stored in memory

43
Q

Semantic memory

A

Our knowledge or facts about the world

44
Q

Sensory memory

A

Brief storage roof perceptual information before it is passed to short term memory

45
Q

Serial position curve

A

Graph depicting both primacy and recency effects on peoples ability to recall items on a list

46
Q

Short term memory

A

Memory systems that retains information for limited durations

47
Q

Source monitoring confusing

A

Lack of clarity about the origin of a memory

48
Q

State depending learning

A

Superior retrival of memories when the organism is in the Sam physiological or psychological state as it was during encoding

49
Q

Storage

A

Process of keeping information in memroy

50
Q

Suggestive memory technique

A

Procedure that encourages patients to recall memories that may or may not have taken place

51
Q

Tip of tongue phenomenon

A

Experience of knowing that we know something but being unable to access it