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science y8 > Ecosystems 🌳 > Flashcards

Ecosystems 🌳 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

An ecosystem is the name given to a community or group of living organisms (animals and plants) that live in a particular location. It is interaction between living an dnon living things

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2
Q

What is a community?

A

A community is two or more populations of organisms. It is all different species that live in an ecosystm

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3
Q

What is a population?

A

All the organisms of the same of closely related species in an area

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4
Q

What is an individual?

A

Eg. One fish

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5
Q

What is a habitat?

A

The natural home or environmentof an animal, plant, or other organissm

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6
Q

What is interdependance?

A

When a community of species depend on eachother for basic neess such as food, shelter, polination, mates, seed dispersal

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7
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

A harmful micro organism

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8
Q

What is a niche?

A

A niche is a particular part or role an organism has within an ecosystem

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9
Q

What is biotic?

A

Living things in ecosystem

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10
Q

What is Abiotic?

A

Non living things in an ecosysytem

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11
Q

What is transpiration?

A

Loss of water through the stomata of leaves by evaportation

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12
Q

What does a food chain alaways start with?

A

A producer

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13
Q

Where does the original dource of energy in a food chain come from?

A

The sun

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14
Q

Is a herbivore a first stage consumer?

A

No its a third stage consumer

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15
Q

What is a food web?

A

Interconnecting food chains

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16
Q

What is adaptation?

A

Features of their physical bodies or ways they behave which allow them to sucseed amd survive

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17
Q

What is biomass?

A

Biomass is renewable organic material that comes from plants and animals

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18
Q

What is a decomposer?

A

Decomposers are bacteria and fungi which break down dead plant and animal matter

19
Q

What is a herbevore?

A

A consumer that only eats plants

20
Q

What is a carnivore?

A

A consumer that only eats meat

21
Q

What is a ombivore?

A

A consumer that eats both plants and meat

22
Q

What does xylem do

A

Carry water and dissolved materials

23
Q

What does the phloem do

A

Has food for the plant (glucose)

24
Q

Xylophages

A

Eat wood. Termites and bark beetles are xylophages

25
Q

Coprophages

A

Eat animal faeces. Dung beetles and flies are coprophages

26
Q

Geophages

A

Eat earth, such as clay or soil. Parrots and cockatoos are geophaes

27
Q

Palynivores

A

Eat pollen. Honeybees and some butterflies are palynivores

28
Q

Ledidophages

A

Are fish that eat the scales (but not the body) of other fish. Some piranha and some catfish ard ledidophages

29
Q

Mucophages

A

Eat mucus. Usually, these tiny organisms live in the gills of fish

30
Q

Camoflage

A

Some predators have evolved coloration or patterns that help them blend into their surroundings, making it easier to approach prey without being seen

31
Q

Speed and agility

A

Many predators, such as cheetahs and falcons are very fast and agile allowing them to chase down prey

32
Q

Name some adptations of predators

A

Camoflage, speed, agility, sharp claw and teeth, stealth and ambush, enhanced senses, strength, power, venom, coperative hunting

33
Q

Name some adaptations of prey

A

Camoflauge, mimicry, speed and agility, binocular visiom, group defnse, burrowing or hiding, alarm calls, chemical defnses

34
Q

Bioaccumilation

A

The build up of persistent or non biodegradabale pollutants within an organism or trophic level because they cannot be broken down

35
Q

Biomagnificatiom

A

The increase in the concentration of persistent or non biodegredable pollutants along a food chain

36
Q

What are producers?

A

Green plants- they make glucose during photosynthesis

37
Q

What are Primary consumers

A

Usually eat plant material- they are herbivores, for example rabbits, caterpillars, cows and sheep

38
Q

What are Secondary consumers

A

Usually eat animal material- they are canivores, for example cats, dogs and lions

39
Q

What are predators

A

Kill for food. They are either secondary consumers or tertiary consumets

40
Q

What are prey

A

The animals that predators feed on

41
Q

What are scanvangers

A

Feed on dead animals, for example crows, vultures and hyenas

42
Q

What are decomposers

A

Feed on dead and decayingorganisms, and on the undigested parts of plant and animal matter in faeces

43
Q

De-nature

A

Where the shape of the enzyme changes so that it cannot work anymore

44
Q

What do nitrates do in plants?

A

They help supply nitrogen which is needed to make proteins

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