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MODULE 6 > OS - benign mucosal lesions > Flashcards

OS - benign mucosal lesions Flashcards

1
Q

what is the surgical sieve?

A

congenital
traumatic
autoimmune
metabolic
infective
inflammatory
idiopathic

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2
Q

what are types of congenital benign mucosal lesions? and what do they look like?

A

leukoedema - white/grey discolouration of mucosa
fordyce spots - ectopic sebaceous glands

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3
Q

where do you commonly find leukoedema?

A

buccal mucosa - an area that would not tend to be traumatised by teeth

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4
Q

where do you commonly find fordyce spots?

A

buccal mucosa or lips

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5
Q

list types of traumatic benign mucosal lesions?

A

erosions/ ulcers
frictional keratosis
polyps
denture induced hyperplasia
amalgam tattoos
mucocoeles

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6
Q

what can cause traumatic ulcers?

A

dentures
restorations
direct trauma

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7
Q

how are traumatic ulcers treated?

A

irradicate the source
should resolve within 14 days

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8
Q

how common are aphthous ulcers?

A

20% population

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9
Q

what are the causes of aphthous ulcers?

A

genetic
trauma
food stuffs
haematinic def - ferritin, folate, B12
hormonal

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10
Q

what types of trauma can cause ulceration?

A

mechanical - adjacent restorations
thermal - hot food

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11
Q

when would you see a keratotic margin around an ulcer?

A

chronic trauma which is low grade i.e., frictional keratosis

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12
Q

what are clusters of aphthous ulcers called?

A

herpetiform aphthous ulcers

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13
Q

what is the name for cheek biting?

A

morsicatio buccarum

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14
Q

where do you find linea alba? and what does it look like?

A

white line at level of occlusal plane on buccal mucosa
bilateral

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15
Q

what are polyps?

A

benign growths form in the mucosa
they can be:
- pedunculated (small stop)
- sessile (broad based)
normal mucosa overlying with fibrous centre

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16
Q

when would you excise a polyp?

A

if they get too big that the pt cannot help biting

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17
Q

what is an amalgam tattoo and where would you find them?

A

metal inclusions in the mucosa from an amalgam being removed or replaced

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18
Q

why must you biopsy an amalgam tattoo?

A

looks similar to mucosal melanoma

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19
Q

why would someone get denture induced hyperplasia?

A

ill fitting dentures worn 24/7

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20
Q

what does denture induced hyperplasia look like?

A

polyps that grow around flange of denture

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21
Q

treatment for denture induced hyperplasia?

A

excision and new dentures

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22
Q

what can denture induced hyperplasia superimpose?

A

candida infection

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23
Q

what is a mucocele?

A

minor salivary gland cyst (mucous extravasation cyst)

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24
Q

what causes a mucocele?

A

saliva escapes from the damaged duct into the surrounding lip and causes a swelling
commonly due to trauma to lower lip

25
Q

treatment for mucocele?

A

excision of the mucocele and salivary gland

26
Q

what are the types of fungal benign mucosal lesions?

A

acute pseudomebranous candidiasis
candidal leukoplakia

27
Q

what are the types of viral benign mucosal lesions?

A

human papilloma virus
herpes virus

28
Q

how does candidiasis present?

A

white plaques that wipe free leaving a red base

29
Q

how do you treat candidiasis?

A

systemic antifungals
topicals but not as good

30
Q

what does candidal leukoplakia present as?

A

white/ red lesion does not wipe free

31
Q

how do you treat candidal leukoplakia?

A

systemic antifungals and biopsy

32
Q

how do papillomas present?

A

sessile or pedunculated
finger like

33
Q

what is treatment of papillomas?

A

if become too big or traumatised
excision including the base of the lesion

34
Q

what is secondary herpes caused by?

A

reactivation of latent virus in the trigeminal system by UV light, stress, hormones, immunocompromise

35
Q

symptoms of secondary herpes?

A

tingling sensation before vesicles develop on the lip

36
Q

treatment of secondary herpes?

A

cold sore treated with topical antivirals

37
Q

types of inflammatory benign lesions?

A

geographic tongue
lichenoid reaction
epulis

38
Q

how common is geographic tongue?

A

2-3% population

39
Q

cause of geographic tongue?

A

family history
psoriasis
fissured tongue
vit B problems

40
Q

what is another term for geographic tongue?

A

benign migratory glossitis

41
Q

how is symptomatic geographic tongue treated?

A

LA or steroid mouthwash

42
Q

what is a lichenoid lesion? and what causes it?

A

reaction to metal (contact lesions) or medication:
- antihypertensives
- hypoglycaemics
- NSAIDs

43
Q

how do you treat lichenoid lesions?

A

biopsy to establish diagnosis

44
Q

what is an epulis?

A

growth on the gum

45
Q

what are the types of epuli?

A

fibrous epulis
pyogenic granuloma

46
Q

what is a fibrous epulis and what is it associated to?

A

associated with the gingival margin of teeth
caused by chronic irritation by overhanging enamel or restorations
normal overlying mucosa and fibrous centre

47
Q

treatment of fibrous epulis?

A

excision

48
Q

what is a pyogenic granuloma and what is it associated with?

A

associated with gingival margin of teeth
very vascular
associated with pregnancy

49
Q

treatment of pyogenic granuloma?

A

excision

50
Q

what metabolic disease can affect pigmentation of mucosa in the mouth and why?

A

addisons disease
primary adrenal insufficiency
deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone

51
Q

what is a melanotic macule? and what does it look like?

A

round or oval
brown or black
pigmented area on the lip or any mucosal surface

52
Q

aetiology of melanotic macule?

A

trauma or idiopathic
50+ years old

53
Q

melanotic macule treatment?

A

biopsy for diagnosis
excision for aesthetics

54
Q

what are types of autoimmune benign mucosal lesions?

A

lichen planus
vesiculobullous conditions

55
Q

how does lichen planus present?

A

lacy white pattern

56
Q

what are types of vesiculobullous conditions?

A

pemphigus
pemphagoid

57
Q

give an example of an idiopathic lesion of unknown aetiology?

A

lipoma

58
Q

what are lipomas?

A

benign mesenchymal neoplasms of unknown cause, made up of fat cells surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule

59
Q

treatment of lipoma?

A

excision

MODULE 6 (69 decks)

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