GI Quiz

Question 1

When highly acidic chyme enters the duodenum, which hormone stimulates the release of pancreatic secretions that contains very high bicarbonate ion content?

Answer 1

Secretin

Question 2

In which structure is oxygenated blood (arterial) mixed with unoxygenated blood (venous) so as to support the functions of the structure?

Answer 2

Liver

Question 3

Which process is likely to occur in the body immediately after a meal?

Answer 3

Glycogenesis

Question 4

Normally, proteins or amino acids are required to produce all of the following EXCEPT:

peptide hormones.
clotting factors and antibodies.
cellular energy.
hemoglobin.

Answer 4

cellular energy.

Question 5

The early stage of vomiting causes:

Answer 5

metabolic alkalosis.

Question 6

Small, hidden amounts of blood in stool are referred to as:

Answer 6

occult blood.

Question 7

What is the definition of dysphagia?

Answer 7

Difficulty in swallowing

Question 8

Oral candidiasis is considered to be:

an ____________ __________ infection of the mouth.

Answer 8

an opportunistic fungal infection of the mouth.

Question 9

What does the term periodontitis refer to?

____________ damage to the ________ and surrounding _______________

Answer 9

Bacterial damage to the teeth and surrounding alveolar bone

Question 10

What is a common sign of acute gastritis?

Answer 10

Vomiting and anorexia

Question 11

What is a common cause of gastroenteritis due to Salmonella?

Answer 11

Raw or undercooked poultry or eggs

Question 12

Prolonged or severe stress predisposes to peptic ulcer disease because:

of ______________________ to the ______________ and mucous glands.

Answer 12

of reduced blood flow to the gastric wall and mucous glands.

Question 13

A perforated gastric ulcer likely would cause:

Answer 13

Chemical peritonitis

Question 14

Following gastric resection, the onset of nausea, cramps, and dizziness immediately after meals indicates:

a large volume of _________ has entered the ___________ , causing ___________.

Answer 14

a large volume of chyme has entered the intestines, causing distention.

Question 15

What is the major effect when a gallstone obstructs the cystic duct?

Severe colicky pain in ________________

Answer 15

Severe colicky pain in upper right quadrant

Question 16

During the course of a hepatitis B infection, the onset of jaundice occurs in the:

Answer 16

icteric stage.

Question 17

In patients with cirrhosis, serum ammonia may increase when:

____________ occurs in the digestive tract.

Answer 17

bleeding occurs in the digestive tract.

Question 18

What causes massive inflammation and necrosis in acute pancreatitis?

_______________ of _________ by pancreatic ____________

Answer 18

Autodigestion of tissue by pancreatic enzymes

Question 19

How may a fistula form with Crohn’s disease?

Recurrent _____________, necrosis, and fibrosis, forming a connection between ____________________

Answer 19

Recurrent inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis, forming a connection between intestinal loops

Question 20

What usually initiates acute appendicitis?

_____________ of the ________ of the appendix

Answer 20

Obstruction of the lumen of the appendix

Question 21

How does a volvulus cause localized gangrene in the intestine?

The ___________________ are compressed in the __________ section of intestine.

Answer 21

The mesenteric arteries are compressed in the twisted section of intestine.

Question 22

What would be the likely outcome from chemical peritonitis related to a perforated gallbladder?

__________ of intestinal ___________ into blood and the peritoneal cavity

Answer 22

Leakage of intestinal bacteria into blood and the peritoneal cavity

Question 23

Bile pigment gallstones are more common in individuals dealing with:

Answer 23

alcoholic cirrhosis.

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT usually present during the icteric stage of viral hepatitis?

Hepatomegaly
Elevated serum liver enzymes
Esophageal varices
Lighter-colored stools

Answer 24

Esophageal varices

Question 25

Which type(s) of hepatitis increase(s) the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma?

Answer 25

HBV and HCV

Question 26

When a portion of the proximal stomach and the paraesophageal junction move above the diaphragm, this is called a:

Answer 26

sliding hernia.

Question 27

The telescoping of one section of bowel inside another section is called:

Answer 27

intussusceptions.

Question 28

How does serum bilirubin change with cirrhosis?

Answer 28

increased conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin

Question 29

Steatorrhea is:

Answer 29

bulky, fatty, foul smelling stools

Question 30

A typical early sign of cancer in the ascending colon is:

Answer 30

occult blood in stool