muscles of the shoulder

Question 1

attachments of the trapezius muscle

Answer 1

superior nuchal line, the 12 thoracic vertebrae spinous processes , the clavicle and scapula

Question 2

what movements do the trapezius do

Answer 2

upper fibres elevate the shoulder girdle
the middle fibres retract the shoulder girdle
the lower fibers depress the shoulder girdle
helps fixate the shoulder girdle
medial rotator during shoulder abduction

Question 3

what movements do the levator scapulae do

Answer 3

elevates the shoulder girdle

Question 4

attachements of the major and minor rhomboid major

Answer 4

spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae and to the medial boarder of the scapula

Question 5

movements of the rhomboid muscles

Answer 5

retraction of the shoulder girdle

Question 6

attachments of the serratus anterior

Answer 6

to the ribs 1-9 and to the medial boarder of the scapula anteriorly

Question 7

functions of the serratus anterior

Answer 7

pulls the medial boarder of the scapula toward the midline
also keeps the costal surface of the scapula closely opposed to the thoracic wall - prevents winged scapula

Question 8

what are the 4 rotator cuff muscles

Answer 8

the subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres major and the supraspinatus

Question 9

attachment of the subscapularis

Answer 9

the subscapular fossa and the lesser tubercule of the humerus

Question 10

attachment of the infraspinatus muscle

Answer 10

greater tubercule of the humerus and the infraspinatus fossa of the scapula

Question 11

attachment of the teres major

Answer 11

• Inferior angle of the scapula – medial lip of intertubercular sulcus

Question 12

attachment of the supraspinatus

Answer 12

the greater tubercule and the supraspinous fossa

Question 13

what movements do the rotator cuff muscles do

Answer 13

subscapularis - medial rotation
infraspinatus is lateral rotation
teres minor is lateral rotation
supraspinatus is initial abduction

Question 14

why can the teres major do extension of the arm

Answer 14

because it runs across the humerus anteriorly, its crossing the joint anteriorly so it helps extension

Question 15

why does the supraspinatus do abduction

Answer 15

the tendon of this muscle runs under the coracoacromial arch and then connects to the greater tubercule, hence abduction

Question 16

attachments of the deloid muscle

Answer 16

the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus, the spine of the scapula and the acormion of the scapula, and the clavicle

Question 17

what are the fibres of the deltoid and what do they do

Answer 17

the fibres are somewhat named by attachment
clavicular deltoid fibers do flexion
the middle fibers do abduction
posterior fibres are extension.

Question 18

what muscles help to do shoulder abduction

Answer 18

first part is the supraspinatus
the next part is the middle fibres of the deltoid
last part is so over 90 is the trapezuis and the serratus anterior

Question 19

what bursa does not communicate with the shoulder joint.

Answer 19

the subacromial bursa.

Question 20

what bursae communicate with the shoulder

Answer 20

subscapular bursa - covered by the subscapularis.
then theres the synovial sheath which surrounds the long head of the biceps

Question 21

where does the pectoralis major connect

Answer 21

the clavicle, sternum and ribs, also to the lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus

Question 22

what movements does the pectoralis major do

Answer 22

at the clavicular head it flexes the enxtended humerus.
sternocostal it extends the flexed arm
both heads also do adduction of the shoulder and medial rotation

Question 23

where does the latissmus dorsi connect

Answer 23

the spinous processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae also attaches to the throacolumbar fascia and the iliac crest. laterally to the floor of the intertubercular sulcus

Question 24

what movements does the latissmusi dorsi do

Answer 24

adduct the shoulder, medially rotate and extend the shoulder

Question 25

what muscle rotates the scapulae during abduction

Answer 25

trapezius

Question 26

where do the rotator cuff muscles attach distally

Answer 26

teres minor, supraspinatus and infraspinatus attach to the greater tubercle, the subscapularis attaches to the lesser tubercle